Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research

Literature Reviews

Occupational Therapy Interventions for Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Scoping Review

Hajar Sabour Eghbali MostafaKhan; Fatemeh Hasanati; zahra nobakht

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 1-9

Abstract

Background: In recent decades, policy changes in many countries have significantly affected the treatment of people with mental illness (MI), particularly in reducing the length of ... Read More Background: In recent decades, policy changes in many countries have significantly affected the treatment of people with mental illness (MI), particularly in reducing the length of hospitalization in acute psychiatric departments. Occupational therapists, as key mental health professionals, must consider the impact of these shifts in mental health care delivery and focus on evidence-based interventions suited to the acute psychiatric setting. This review aims to examine existing studies to assess the scope and nature of research on occupational therapy interventions for acute psychiatric inpatients through a scoping review. Method: The scoping review followed the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The study comprised three stages: pre-search, search, and post-search, following the scoping review methodology. A structured search was performed using Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus for items published up to April 5, 2023. Two independent reviewers evaluated the selected literature in two rounds of review. Results: Articles meeting the inclusion criteria (n=13) were incorporated into the analysis. Most publications originated from Japan, followed by the United States and Germany. For the initial days of an acute inpatient stay, especially given the unpredictability of behavior, tolerance, and unstable symptoms, short individual sessions of 20 minutes or less were generally recommended. Treatment sessions in the selected studies typically ranged from three to five days per week, with each session lasting approximately 45 minutes to 2 hours. Flexible, one-on-one intervention structures appeared beneficial in the early hospitalization phase. Four main elements of occupational therapy interventions in acute mental health were identified: individual assessment and intervention, group therapy, and discharge planning. Interventions were compared with control groups who did not participate in these activities, revealing statistically significant Personal and Social Performance Scale improvements. Using weighted blankets in sensory rooms significantly reduced distress and disruptive behaviors. Studies on MetaCognitive Training (MCT), Cognitive Remediation, and Occupational Connections (OC) demonstrated significant differences in outcomes between intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Occupational therapy interventions in acute psychiatric inpatient settings appear effective. Further studies are warranted to develop and refine these intervention methods for acute psychiatric inpatients.

Original Articles

The Effects of Pain Neuroscience Education Plus Conventional Physical Therapy on Pain and Quality of Life in Adults with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain and Central Sensitization

Fateme Derisfard; Farzane Soleimani; Maryam saadat; Marzieh Saeidi; Hosein Kouhzad Mohamadi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 10-15

Abstract

Background: Chronic non-specific neck pain (CNP) is the second most common musculoskeletal disorder. Central sensitization (CS) of pain is likely a contributing factor to the persistence ... Read More

Original Articles

The Effect of Eight Weeks of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Training on Functional Movement Screening and Postural Control in Athletes with Lower Crossed Syndrome

Mohammad Rahimi; Farangis Sadat Chavoshi; Farhad Rajabi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 16-22

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) training on movement patterns and postural control in female athletes ... Read More

Original Articles

A Multithreading Queuing-Based sEMG Data Acquisition System for Rehabilitation with Real-Time Visualization

Rajendra Kachhwaha; Ajay P Vyas; Rajesh Bhadada; Rajendra Kachhwaha

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 23-29

Abstract

Background: Over the past two decades, myoelectric signals have been extensively used in rehabilitation technology and hybrid human-machine interfaces. A key challenge in creating self-engineered, ... Read More

Original Articles

Ability of Side Hop Test to Predict Deficits in Dynamic Balance Control and Isometric Strength of Hip and Ankle Muscles in Recreational Male Athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability

Neda Orakifar; Fatemeh varezardi; Razieh Mofateh; maryam Seyedtabib

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 30-36

Abstract

Background: The side hop test (SHT) is widely used by physiotherapists to assess functional limitations in athletes with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Determining if ... Read More

Original Articles

The Impact of a Volleyball-Specific Fatigue Protocol on the Balance, Proprioception, and Performance of Volleyball Players at High and Low Risk for ACL Injuries

Hamid Alizadeh Darabi; Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah; Sajad Roshani

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 37-44

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the impact of a volleyball-specific fatigue protocol on balance, proprioception, and performance in volleyball players with differing ACL injury ... Read More

Original Articles

The Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture on Functional Status, Symptom Severity, Pain, and Grip Strength in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Study Protocol for a Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial

Hasti Lotfi; Alireza Pahlevan Sabagh; Abbas Tabatabaiee; Mehrnaz Kajbafvala; Mahdi Ashoori; Marzieh Yassin

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 45-52

Abstract

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment condition, impairing median nerve function at the carpal tunnel level. Previous studies indicate ... Read More

Original Articles

Is School Function in Children with Down Syndrome the Same as Their Normally Developing Peers? A Preliminary Study

Farnoush Khosravi; minoo kalantari; Marzieh Pashmdarfard; Hamidreza Rostami; Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban; Faezeh Heidari Beni

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2025, Pages 53-58

Abstract

Background: Active participation in school is an effective way to foster children’s cognitive and social development. Children with Down syndrome (DS) face various challenges ... Read More

The Interaction of Knee, Hip and L5-S1 Joint Contact Forces and spatiotemporal variables between Sound and Prosthetic Leg in Patients with Unilateral below-knee Amputation during Walking

Volume 4, Issue 2 , June 2017, , Pages 53-59

Abstract

Background: there is little knowledge explaining how forces applied on knee, hip and L5-S1 joint between the sound and prosthetic leg in unilateral Below-Knee Amputation (BKA), so the ... Read More

More realistic dynamical modeling of a humanoid robotic arm to reduce control effort with uncertainty using self-impact joint constrained

Volume 6, Issue 2 , June 2019, , Pages 68-79

Abstract

Background:The main challenge of modeling humanoid robots is establishing a compromise between the simplicity of the model and accuracy of the system. One of the realities of movement ... Read More

The Comparison of Neurodevelopmental- Bobath Approach with Occupational Therapy Home Program on Gross Motor Function of Children with Cerebral Palsy

Volume 1, Issue 1 , March 2014, , Pages 21-24

Abstract

Background & objectives: Traditional Bobath approach (TBA) is one of the several methods using in treatment of children with cerebral palsy (CP) who referred to occupational therapy ... Read More

Comparison of the Effects of Massage and Cryotherapy on the Knee Extensor Muscles Fatigue and Isokinetic Parameters in Soccer Players

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

Background:Fatigue can cause a significant effect on the mechanics of complex motor skills and reduce physical and mental efficiency. One of the common ways to reduce fatigue is passive ... Read More Background:Fatigue can cause a significant effect on the mechanics of complex motor skills and reduce physical and mental efficiency. One of the common ways to reduce fatigue is passive recovering or using massage and cryotherapy after exercise. The present study aimed to compare the effects of massage and cryotherapy on muscles fatigue and isokinetic parameters.Methods:This study was conducted on54 healthy athletes aged 20-30 years who were randomly divided into three groups: cooling (ice therapy), massage, and control (resting). Each of the volunteers was evaluated in two sessions. The first session was to familiarize the participants with isokinetic contraction. The second session started with a brief warm up subsequently, using Biodex Isokinetic System Average Peak Torque (APTQ), Average Power (AP), and Total Work (TW) were measured. Then, the fatigue protocol was applied. Afterwards, interventions were performed for 15 minutes. After the intervention, isokinetic parameters were evaluated again. Also, perceived fatigue and Fatigue Index (FI) were recorded before and after the intervention.Results:APTQ, AP, and TW significantlyincreased in massage and cryotherapy groupsafter the intervention, while perceived fatigue and FI decreased significantly in both conditions (P<0.05). In the control group, however, no significant differences were observed in APTQ, AP, and TW before and after the intervention (P>0.05), but perceived fatigue and FI decreased significantly (P<0.05). Moreover, isokinetic variables (APTQ, AP, and TW) were higher in the massage group compared to cryotherapy and control groups (P<0.05), but such a difference was not observed between the massage and cryotherapy groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Massage and cryotherapy could increase isokinetic parameters and decrease FI and perceived fatigue. Therefore, massage and cryotherapy have been more effective than rest as a strategy to return to normal state and no significant difference was observed between these two groups.

Effect of Kinesiotaping and Stretching Exercise on Forward Shoulder Angle in Females with Rounded Shoulder Posture

Volume 1, Issue 4 , December 2014, , Pages 78-83

Abstract

Background: Rounded shoulder posture is a common abnormal posture in upper quarter. Kinesiotape is a new intervention that recently used in rehabilitation. There are no studies have ... Read More

Original Articles

Investigating Psychometric Properties to Explore the Talents of Children with Special Needs in Indonesia

Subagya Subagya; Munawir Yusuf; Priyono Priyono; Erma Sari; Arsy Anggrellanggi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 28 October 2023

Abstract

Background: This study aims exploring psychometric properties to improve the interest of the talents of children with special needs in Indonesia. Method: This study uses a descriptive ... Read More

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Original Articles

Client Perspectives of Telerehabilitation in Stuttering during the Pandemic Covid- 19: A Survey at a Tertiary Rehabilitation Center in Kerala

Preethy Susan Reni; Vrinda R; Rejitha Kumari L; Suja K Kunnath

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 May 2024

Abstract

Background The reported studies from India on telerehabilitation had addressed the matter from the clinicians’ point of view. Hence this study aimed to understand the client ... Read More

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Original Articles

Assessment of Knee Angular Deformities: Correlation between Photogrammetric, Clinical and Radiographic Methods

Nasim Rashedi; Bina Eftekharsadat; Neda Dolatkhah; Jafar Soleymanpour; Yaghoub Salekzamani; Soraya Babaie

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 May 2024

Abstract

Background: Photogrammetry is a safe and non-invasive technique for evaluating posture in clinical settings. Body vision is a novel system that employs photogrammetric principles ... Read More Background: Photogrammetry is a safe and non-invasive technique for evaluating posture in clinical settings. Body vision is a novel system that employs photogrammetric principles to assess postural parameters. This study aimed to determine the relationship between clinical, photogrammetric, and radiologic techniques in knee angular deformity detection.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 53 volunteers of both genders, with a total of 106 lower limbs with complaints of knee pain or knee deformity. Sampling was conducted in a non-random and accessible manner considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Moreover, all of the participants had previously full-length lower limb radiographs. The clinical evaluation was conducted through the measurement of the anatomical axis, Q angle, and intermalleolar and intercondylar distances. The aforementioned parameters were evaluated using the Body Vision photogrammetric system while the patient was in a standing position. Finally, the analysis was performed using angles and distances obtained from these methods.Results: The evaluations indicated a strong correlation between the photogrammetric and radiological methods regarding the anatomical axis of the lower limb (r=0.939, p<0.001). Moreover, a high correlation was obtained between the clinical and photogrammetric methods to the intermalleolar distance (r=0.948, p<0.001) and intercondylar distance (r=0.927, p<0.001). Regarding the Q angle, a high but relatively lower correlation was detected between the clinical and photogrammetric methods compared to the previous cases (r=0.834, p<0.001). However, a moderate correlation has been detected from the clinical measurement of the anatomical axis with photogrammetric and radiological methods (r= 0.70, r= 0.62 respectively).Conclusions: As a result of this study, a strong correlation was demonstrated between the photogrammetric technique and the gold standard method, indicating that photogrammetry can be used as an alternative method for evaluating knee angular deviations.

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Original Articles

The relationship between Attention and Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A comparative preliminary study in diplegia and hemiplegia

mahrokh ghahari; Aliyeh Daryabor; mino kalantari; ashkan irani; zahra Shafiee

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 May 2024

Abstract

Background: Among the important issues and problems related to children with cerebral palsy after tone disorder and imbalance, attention and concentration disorders of these children ... Read More

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Original Articles

Comparison of Some Postural and Functional Indicators in Adolescent Boys with and without Chronic Non-Specific Low-Back Pain

moein yari bishak; Ebrahim mohammad ali nasab firouzjah; Mehri Mohammadi Dangraloo

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 May 2024

Abstract

Background: Back pain are one of the common disorders in people, which can be caused by various factors and have various consequences. The purpose of this study was to compare some ... Read More

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Original Articles

The Effectiveness of Puppet Play Therapy on Social Skills of Children with Cochlear Implantation

Sedigheh Rezaei Dehnavi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 May 2024

Abstract

Background: Learning social skills is a significant challenge for Hearing Impaired Children (HIC). Play therapy is a suggested intervention for facilitating and accelerating social-emotional ... Read More

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Original Articles

The Effect of Eight Weeks of NASM Training and Kinetic Chain Training on Pelvic Tilt, Lordosis, and Hip Joint ROM in Individuals with LCS

Leila Ghadirian marnani; hooman fatahi; mehrnoosh esmaeilian; Saeid Rostami

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 11 June 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Lower crossed syndrome is a common condition with muscle imbalances and reduced flexibility. The aim of this semi-experimental pre-test and post-test study was to compare ... Read More Introduction: Lower crossed syndrome is a common condition with muscle imbalances and reduced flexibility. The aim of this semi-experimental pre-test and post-test study was to compare the effects of NASM and kinetic chain exercises on lordosis, pelvic tilt, and hip joint ROM in individuals with LCS .Methods: This study employed a semi-experimental design in the field of sports. Thirty participants were purposefully and conveniently selected and randomly divided into three groups: NASM, kinetic chain, and control group. The NASM and kinetic chain groups underwent an 8-week training program consisting of 3 sessions per week. Lumbar lordosis angle was measured using a flexible ruler, pelvic tilt angle was measured using a tilt meter, and hip joint ROM was measured using a goniometer, before and after the 8-week training program. To analyze the data, the statistical method of analysis of variance with repeated measures was used and the level of significance was considered to be P ≥ 0.05. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 softwareResults: the results showed that both NASM and kinetic chain exercises significantly decreased lumbar lordosis (P=0.000 for both) and anterior tilt of the pelvis (P=0.000 for both) and significantly increased hip joint ROM in flexion and extension (P=0.000 for both). Follow-up tests showed that the NASM exercises had a greater effect on reducing lumbar lordosis, anterior tilt of the pelvis, and increasing the ROM of hip flexion compared to kinetic chain exercises, while the kinetic chain exercises had a greater effect on increasing the ROM of hip extension compared to NASM exercises.Conclusion: In conclusion NASM and kinetic chain exercises can be used by corrective exercise experts to improve the symptoms of LCS. NASM exercises are particularly effective in reducing lumbar lordosis and anterior tilt of the pelvis, as well as increasing the ROM of hip flexion, while kinetic chain exercises should be used to increase the ROM of hip extension.

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Original Articles

Comparing the effectiveness of modified Iranian and rigid Minerva braces in cervical and thoracic spine movements

Alireza Khalili; hossein asiyaeimehr; Mohammad taghi Karimi; Amirhossein Zare

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 11 June 2024

Abstract

Background: To facilitate the fusion of the injury site For nonoperative treatment or after surgery, various braces are available to immobilize an unstable cervical spine. The most ... Read More

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Case Report

Physical therapy interventions for a patient with poor muscle strength, knee functions, and psychological readiness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with meniscus repair: a case report

I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya; I Gusti Ngurah Wien Aryana; Putu Ayu Sita Saraswati; Fajar Purnama; Ida Kurniawati; Noval Adhitya Wardhana; I Putu Prananda Dinata; Putu Devinda Ardaswari; Tabita Febyola Wijaya

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 11 June 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate phase III of physical therapy management, which is late rehabilitation phase based on the patient's specific goals and athletic demands, to ... Read More

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Original Articles

Comparison of physical performance of soccer players with and without anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under the impact of knee injury prevention training: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Amir Shamlou kazemi; hassan daneshmandi; Parisa Sedaghti; Yasin Hoseini

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 11 June 2024

Abstract

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the severe and complex knee injuries that usually occur in soccer. The Sportsmetrics Soccer training (SMST) is one of ... Read More

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Original Articles

Assessing the Impact of Closed and Open Kinetic Chain Hydrotherapy on Lumbo-Pelvic Stability, Pain Intensity, Kinesiophobia, Rate of Loading, and Vertical Ground Reaction Force in Men with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

hossien ashoury; Ali Yalfani; mahdi arjipour

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 11 June 2024

Abstract

Background: Chronic Non-Specific low back pain (CNSLBP) is recognized as one of the leading causes of work absenteeism and increased reliance on health insurance and healthcare services. ... Read More Background: Chronic Non-Specific low back pain (CNSLBP) is recognized as one of the leading causes of work absenteeism and increased reliance on health insurance and healthcare services. Despite the widespread impact of this condition, there remains a scarcity of research investigating the effects of open and closed kinetic chain (O/CKC) exercises conducted in water on improving CNSLBP. Therefore, this study aimed to assessing the impact of closed and open kinetic chain hydrotherapy on lumbo-pelvic stability, pain intensity, kinesiophobia, rate of loading, and vertical ground reaction force in in men with non-specific chronic low back pain.Methods: The double-blind randomized controlled trial was designed with a pre-post-test in men aged 40-60 (48.10 ± 5.97) with CNSLBP. Patients were randomly assigned to two hydrotherapy groups CKCE and OKCE and the control group in this clinical trial. Pain intensity, kinesiophobia, Lumbo-Pelvic Stability (LPS), Rate of Loading (ROL) and Vertical Ground Reaction Force (vGRF) were measured with the visual analog scale, Tampa kinesiophobia scale, biofeedback pressure, and plantar pressures device. The intervention groups performed prescribed exercises for eight weeks and three sessions per week. The analysis of covariance was used to compare the group differences.Results: In the comparison within the OKCE and CKCE groups, significant differences were observed in the pre- and post-intervention measurements (p<0.05). Moreover, there were statistically significant differences in pain (p=0.001) and kinesiophobia scores (p=0.001) with a large effect size. Additionally, noteworthy differences were noted in vGRF (P=0.003), ROL (P=0.012), and LPS variables (p=0.022).Conclusion: The study results indicate that utilizing hydrotherapy exercises involving open and closed kinetic chains is beneficial in the rehabilitation of individuals with CNSLBP. We suggest that healthcare professionals, including doctors, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists, include these exercises in their comprehensive rehabilitation programs for such patients.

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Original Articles

Effect of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique and Posture Correction in Management of Neck Pain

Alka Pawalia; Varsha Sharma; Shabnam Joshi; Vikram Singh Yadav

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 July 2024

Abstract

Background: The study's objective was to compare the efficiency of the Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) which is a manual technique that includes three maneuvers ... Read More

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Original Articles

Development of Speech Therapy Application for Children with Stuttering (STACS)

Janith Raj Jayaraju; Amudhu Sankar

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 July 2024

Abstract

Background: There is growing need for online therapy in the recent past due to various reasons such as, the COVID 19 pandemic, longer travel distance and duration of speech therapy ... Read More Background: There is growing need for online therapy in the recent past due to various reasons such as, the COVID 19 pandemic, longer travel distance and duration of speech therapy sessions. The purpose of this study was to develop an application that will facilitate parents during speech therapy for children with stuttering. This app will provide a dynamic interaction between the Speech Language Pathologist (SLP) and the families of children with stuttering.Methods: A cross sectional study design was carried out. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an app for parents of children with stuttering in the age range of 3 to 12 years. The app consisted of a brief description of analogies for stuttering with a video demonstration of the analogy. The contents of the app were evaluated by three speech and language pathologists who have minimum experience of 5 years in handling children with fluency disorders. 13 parents of children with stuttering participated in the study. The app was administered on children with stuttering along with their parents. Descriptive statistics and percentage analysis was calculated for background variables.Results: Findings revealed that almost all the parents found the instructions being provided in the app was easily understandable. 70% of the parents found it to be highly satisfying on the usefulness of the app. On assessment of the functionality of application, nearly 77% found it to be high satisfying. Nearly 85% of the parents found the app to very user friendly.Conclusion: Majority of the parents found this prototype app to be easy to use; efficient in training their children and the functionality of the app was highly accepted. This application assures to bring about a change in the child’s speech and facilitated effective communication. In future, this app can reach greatest number of clients to promote better fluency skills at a low-cost and effective way.

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Original Articles

Acute effects of combined stretching protocols on myoelectric activity, and scapular kinematics of gymnasts.

omid kazemi; paulo marchetti; Aboozar Saadatian; hadi abbaszade ghanati

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 July 2024

Abstract

Background: Typically, stretching is used to enhance the range of motion of a joint. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of combined stretching protocols ... Read More

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Case Report

Application of Hypothetico Deductive Reasoning Process for Physiotherapy Management of a Case with Meniscus Injury

Faruq Ahmed; Mohammad Habibur Rahman; Ehsanur Rahman; Shazal Kumar Das; Md. Obaidul Haque

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 08 July 2024

Abstract

Background: Clinical reasoning refers to professional decisions undertaken for physical rehabilitation. Hypothetico-deductive models of clinical reasoning involve self-images and clinical ... Read More

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Review Article

Home-Based modification approaches for children with autism (3-18 years)

golnaz ahmadi; Nazila Akbarfahimi; Navid Mirzakhani Araghi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 August 2024

Abstract

Background: Considering the creation of a serene and tranquil home environment for both the child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and other family members, the aim of this study ... Read More

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Original Articles

Effect of 8 Weeks of Modified Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises on Core Region Function and Shoulder Pain in Patients with Incomplete Paraplegic Spinal Cord Injury

Eskandar moghanloo; Gholamali Ghasemi; Morteza Sadeghi; Navidreza Ghasemi Kahrizsangi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 27 August 2024

Abstract

Background and purpose: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes a decline in core region function and shoulder pain in wheelchair users. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of modified ... Read More

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Systematic Reviews

Caregiver burden in primary caregivers of community-dwelling older adults: Systematic review

Kiana Ramezani; marzieh Pashmdarfard; Mehdi Rezaee; Zeinab Bagheri; mino kalantari

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 28 August 2024

Abstract

Background: Caregivers are those who are responsible for helping old, sick, or disabled people. Most care services are provided by family members as primary caregivers. Taking care ... Read More Background: Caregivers are those who are responsible for helping old, sick, or disabled people. Most care services are provided by family members as primary caregivers. Taking care of the elderly requires a lot of expenses and physical and psychosocial pressure, which ultimately leads to a decrease in caregivers’ quality of life and care service quality. With the increasing proportion of people aged 60 and over and advances in medicine and technology to extend life, concerns about care for the elderly are increasing. Methods: The current systematic review study reviewed systematically the effects of intervention on burden on primary caregivers of community-dwelling older adults and identify influential factors in caregiving problems and challenges. In this study, 354 articles, published in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2023, were extracted from different databases, including Embase, PubMed, and Scopus. The agreement rate in relation to the search of the articles that was done by the first and third author was 93%. In addition, the quality of these articles was assessed through PEDro scale, their abstract and full texts were thoroughly analyzed by the second and fourth author, and the agreement rate in this regard was 89% too. Results: In total, 13 articles included in the review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the thirteen eligible articles reviewed in this study were of medium to high quality with a score of 5 or above on the PEDro scale. These articles centered on direct interventions for older adults (four articles), interventions for caregivers (five articles), and interventions for both (four articles which direct caregiver interventions are the most efficient approach on reducing caregiver burden among them. The results of these studies were analyzed with respect to variations in the burden, stress, and depression of caregivers. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is concluded that direct caregiver intervention is the most efficient approach on reducing caregiver burden. Furthermore, the design and evaluation of individualized programs can be highly effective in enhancing the impact of intervention and devising better subsequent programs.

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Case Report

Early mobilization and functional training for early recovery after Stevens-Johnson Syndrome- A case report.

Naveen Kumar I

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 22 September 2024

Abstract

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are severe dermatological disorders with limited prevalence, leading to insufficient awareness among physical therapists. ... Read More

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Original Articles

The Prevalence of Academic Procrastination among Students of School of Rehabilitation Sciences in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Sara Abolahrari-Shirazi; Farzaneh Moslemi Haghighi; Farahnaz Emami

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 22 September 2024

Abstract

Background:Academic procrastination is as an irrational tendency to defer at the beginning or completing an academic task and is reportedly associated with negative emotions, psychological ... Read More Background:Academic procrastination is as an irrational tendency to defer at the beginning or completing an academic task and is reportedly associated with negative emotions, psychological distress, sense of failure, guilt, lower levels of self-regulated learning and self-efficacy and unsatisfactory academic performance. Academic procrastination is a common phenomenon among university students. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the prevalence of academic procrastination among students of School of Rehabilitation Sciences in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: All of university students (a total of 368), 230 (62.5%) female and 138 (37.5%) males participated voluntarily in the present cross-sectional descriptive study. The participants were undergraduate and postgraduate students from different grade levels enrolled in 5 departments. The mean age of students was 21.66 ± 2.27. To ascertain the prevalence of procrastination, we followed Solomon and Rothblum academic procrastination questionnaire. This questionnaire consists of 27 items which designate to measure three areas: Preparing for exams, preparing assignments and preparation of final paper. We used descriptive, Pearson correlation coefficient, one way ANOVA and independent t-test. P value less than 0.05 was regarded statistically significant. Results: Two hundred and ninety-seven students answered all questions about procrastination. Of the participants, 44.2% of students claimed to be moderate procrastinators and 54.5% stated they were severing procrastinators. It was shown that 40.9% of males had moderate and 57.3% of them had severe problems with academic procrastination. Moreover, 46% of females had moderate and 52.9% of them exhibited sever procrastinator behaviors. Furthermore, 42.5% of undergraduate students reported a tendency to moderate procrastination and 56% tendency to sever procrastinator behaviors. Moreover, %58.1 of postgraduate had moderate level and 41.9% faced with sever procrastination behaviors. In addition, the results revealed that academic procrastination prevail at all of components among students and was more prevalent in undergraduate students in preparing assignments (P<0.05). Conclusion: Academic procrastination behaviors was equally prevalent among all educational levels, disciplines and sexes. Students experienced procrastination tendency in all components of academic procrastination. These data may aid institutions in order to developing better intervention techniques to decrease the impact of academic procrastination and increase academic attainments.

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Original Articles

Impact of group reality therapy Glaser on self-esteem and depression of betrayed women: An experimental study with control group

Shiva Moradi; Hossein Komeili Sani; Bahman Dashtbozorgi; Saeed Ghanbari

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 22 September 2024

Abstract

Background: Marital infidelity is one of the most challenging issues in married life, resulting in consequences such as depression and low self-esteem. This study aimed to investigate ... Read More

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Original Articles

Designing and studying the effectiveness of Nava game multimedia software in teaching the diagnosis of dysarthria symptoms in speech therapy students.

Parvaneh Rahimifar; Negin Moradi; Majid Soltani; Mohammad jafar Shaterzadeh Yazdi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 October 2024

Abstract

Background: Different studies found the use of educational games effective in improving the quality of students' learning and benefiting from the materials in clinical environments ... Read More

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Original Articles

Validation of the Persian Version of the Life Balance Inventory in Iranian Population

naser havaei; Babak kashefimehr; ahmad mohammadi; Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 October 2024

Abstract

Background: Life balance is defined as having a satisfying pattern of activities or occupations that is sustainable and meaningful to a person within his/her current context and life ... Read More

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Meta-Analyses

The effects of combined training on functionality, balance and gait speed of the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis

mahboobeh dehnavi; Amirali Jafarnejadgero; Farhad Tabatabai Ghomsheh; Ali Fattahi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 October 2024

Abstract

Background: Ensuring the safety of the elderly is an increasingly important concern today. Fall prevention guidelines recommend highly challenging training modes to decrease falls. ... Read More

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Original Articles

Evaluating dynamic stability, spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of gait during walking in day and night shift nurses

Mohammad Taghi Karimi; Farzaneh Yazdani; Mahbobeh Razavi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 23 October 2024

Abstract

Background: Despite the importance of investigating the effect of night shift on gait kinematics of nurses, literature lacks evidences to evaluate this relationship. Therefore, the ... Read More

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Systematic Reviews

Prevalence of Soft Tissue Injuries in Upper and Lower Limb among Professional Racquet Sports Players: A Systematic Review

Gunjan Chaudhary; Sumit Raghav; Anshika Singh; Shagun Agarwal; Latika Gulyani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 November 2024

Abstract

Background: - The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of soft tissue injuries in upper limb and lower limb among professional racquet players. Methods: ... Read More

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Original Articles

A Combined Exercise Program in Sedentary Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

Behnoosh Aminikhah; hamed babagoltabar-samakoush; Behnam Gholami-Borujeni

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 November 2024

Abstract

Background: The present study investigated the effectiveness and durability of a combined exercise program on strength, endurance, speed, agility, flexibility, and quality of life in ... Read More