Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research

Meta-Analyses

The effect of warming up on knee position sense: A systematic review and meta-analysis

parisa sayyadi; Hooman Minoonejad; Foad Seidi; Rahman Sheikhhoseini; ramin arghadeh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 24 August 2022

Abstract

  Introduction: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis study is to investigate the effect of warming up on knee position sense. Method: The keywords of this systematic review ...  Read More Introduction: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis study is to investigate the effect of warming up on knee position sense. Method: The keywords of this systematic review and meta-analysis study were searched on December 1 by two authors in the following electronic databases: PubMed, web of science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The quality of articles was checked by the Downs and Black checklist. Statistical analysis was performed using CMA software, and I-square was used for examining the heterogeneity of data and I2 was utilized for estimating the percentage of heterogeneity. Besides, Funnel Plot method was used for assessing the risk of bias of articles and trim-and-fill method was used in case of observation of possible bias. Results: Out of 5,133 studies found in selected databases, 31 ones were selected after reviewing the title and abstract, and 7 articles were included in the study after reviewing the full text. The results indicated that warming up has a significant effect on reducing the active absolute angular error (P<0.05) and increasing the active relative angular error (P<0.05) but has no significant effect on the passive absolute angular error (P>0.05). Conclusion: Warming can reduce absolute and relative angular error. Therefore, it has a significant effect on improve proprioception.  

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The effect of teaching communication skills to mothers to reduce the behavioral problems of children with cerebral palsy: A semi-experimental study

Hossein Alibakhshi; Mona Simin ghalamaval; Karim Ayoubi Avaz; Masoomeh Salmani; Aliakbar Pahlavanian; Fatemeh Motaharinezhad; Zahed Kanani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 18 January 2023

Abstract

  Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) affects different aspects of children’s development. Some of these negative effects (such as child’s behavioral issues) could be eliminated ...  Read More Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) affects different aspects of children’s development. Some of these negative effects (such as child’s behavioral issues) could be eliminated by teaching mothers –as the main caregivers- to have proper skills. The present study investigated the effectiveness of teaching communication skills to the mothers of children with CP in reducing the children’s behavioral problems. Methods: Forty-two mothers who had 4-10-year-old children with CP, they were able to read and write, age between 20 and 40, and their children’s mobility score was at or below 3 in Gross Motor Function Classification System were recruited by convenient sampling. In this semi-experimental study, mothers completed the Rutter Children's Behavioral Questionnaire Children’s behavioral problems before and after the training. The experimental group received nine 90-minute training sessions on how to communicate with their children, the control group did not have any intervention regarding children’s behavioral problems.  Data were analyzed by Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: Comparing the two groups’ mean scores in five Rutter’s sub-tests showed significant differences (Aggression & hyperactivity, Social incompatibility, Anti-social behaviors, Anxiety & Depression, and General Behavioral problems) before the training indicated differences between groups (p =0.001). After training, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in five subtests of Rutter’s (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The present study indicated strengthening mothers with proper communication skills may change their interactions with their children with CP, and reduce the occurrence of a child’s behavioral problems. Therefore, rehabilitation team can consider the communication skills training program along with other therapeutic plans to intervene for children with CP.  

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Original Articles

Stance phase characteristics and asymmetry in females with low back pain

Morteza Sadeghi; Hamed Esmaeili

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 18 January 2023

Abstract

  Background:Patients with low back pain (LBPP) take different strategy during walking in order to reduce pain and enhance postural control. Investigating stance temporal characteristics ...  Read More Background:Patients with low back pain (LBPP) take different strategy during walking in order to reduce pain and enhance postural control. Investigating stance temporal characteristics and asymmetry provide new insight for LBPP gait analysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate stance phase characteristics and asymmetry in females with non-specific low back pain. Method. In this cross-sectional study, 36 females were recruited purposefully and divided into two groups of 18 people with and without low back pain.  Data collected by footscan system and analyzed by footscan gait 7 gait generation. Independent t –test was used to compare outcomes of the groups. Results. The results showed that right (p=0.001) and left (p=0.001) foot progression angle in low back pain group was higher than healthy group. Also, asymmetry of the initial contact phase (p=0.02) and forefoot contact phase (p=0.02) timings, and foot progression angle asymmetry was higher in low back pain group (p=0.009).      Conclusion. Regarding to higher progression angle and asymmetries observed in LBPP, rehabilitative exercises must consider these differences to in evaluating rehabilitation procedure.      

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Consistency between Schedule for Oral-Motor Assessment and Fluoroscopic Barium Swallow Study

Manijeh Zarei Mahmood Abadi; Fariba Yadegari; Mehrzad Mehdizade; Lida Sharifi-Rad; Enayatollah Bakhsh; Fateme Zamani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 04 March 2023

Abstract

  Background: A swallowing disorder is one of the most common problems in the pediatric population. Schedule for Oral-Motor Assessment – Persian (SOMA-P) has become one of the best ...  Read More Background: A swallowing disorder is one of the most common problems in the pediatric population. Schedule for Oral-Motor Assessment – Persian (SOMA-P) has become one of the best methods for the assessment of swallowing disorders in the pediatric population. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and consistency of SOMA-P by fluoroscopic barium swallows study. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. SOMA-P was assessed on 52 children with swallowing problems. The children were 6 to 48 months and had been referred for a fluoroscopic barium swallow. We analyzed sensitivity; specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SOMA-P, with the fluoroscopic barium swallow as the gold standard. For the evaluation of the correlations among variables, Cronbach's coefficient alpha was calculated. Results: In this study 6 parts of SOMA-P had 0-25% sensitivity, 90-97% specificity, 0-66% positive predictive value, 84-87% negative predictive value, 78-86% compatibility percent and 0.06-0.17 kappa value. Internal consistency was 0.93 using Cronbach's coefficient alpha. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that SOMA-P is valid for the evaluating of swallowing disorders.  It can use as a screening test and as a complementary method to fluoroscopic barium swallow.  

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Effect of priority and delay of the prone positioning and chest physiotherapy on respiratory outcomes in patients with covid-19: A randomized clinical trial

Ali Rezaee Chamanabad; Mehrnaz Kajbafvala; holakoo mohsenifar

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 04 March 2023

Abstract

  Background: Coronavirus 19 (covid-19), known as SARS-COV-2, is a new coronavirus with a global epidemic. Physiotherapy is one of the helpful treatments for this disease. This study ...  Read More Background: Coronavirus 19 (covid-19), known as SARS-COV-2, is a new coronavirus with a global epidemic. Physiotherapy is one of the helpful treatments for this disease. This study was conducted with the aim of the effect of priority and delay of the prone positioning and chest physiotherapy (CPT) in patients with covid-19. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 26 patients with covid-19. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: The priority of the prone positioning over CPT (7 men and 6 women, with an average age of 67.46±5.91) and the priority of CPT over the prone positioning (8 men and 5 women, with an average age of 68.38±5.85). Respiratory outcomes including SpO2, PaO2, FiO2, FEV1, FVC, measured by the pulse oximetry, ABG, and spirometry, respectively, and FEV1/FVC, and SpO2/FiO2 ratios were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: The demographic characteristics of the patients and the respiratory outcomes at baseline between the two groups were not significantly different (P> 0.05). In each group, a significant difference was observed between the respiratory outcomes before and after the intervention (P< 0.05). But after the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in respiratory outcomes (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Both the priority of the prone positioning over CPT and the priority of CPT over the prone positioning could improve each respiratory outcome. However, it was not observed that the priority or delay of the prone positioning and CPT can affect the improvement of respiratory outcomes in covid-19 patients.  

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Investigation of the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of patients with spinal cord injury on secondary complications

Mohammad Amin Vafaei; Hamidreza Farpour; Payam Pourbasirat; Sima Farpour; Pardis Hemmat

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 March 2023

Abstract

  Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating situation which imposes a large socio-economic burden on patients and society. One of the most important disorders that may occur ...  Read More Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating situation which imposes a large socio-economic burden on patients and society. One of the most important disorders that may occur in these patients and cause an increase in the disease burden is secondary complications. This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients with SCI on secondary complications. Method: The current cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of patients with spinal cord injury about secondary complications. Patients with SCI were identified through the hospital information system. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included demographic and clinical information and a three-part questionnaire including knowledge, attitude, and practice.Results: one hundred eighty patients participated in the present study. The findings showed moderate level of knowledge, attitude, and practice with the mean respectively 84.12, 13.62, and 21.5 in patients with SCI.Conclusion: The level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of the patients trough potential complications of spinal cord injury, were moderate. There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice with education. Also, there is a significant relationship between knowledge and sex. There was no significant relationship between age with knowledge and practice, but there was a reverse relationship between age and attitude. 

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The effect of a period of corrective exercises on balance and performance of female volleyball players with knee dynamic valgus defect

Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah; Rogayeh imani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 March 2023

Abstract

  Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of corrective exercises on balance and performance of volleyball girls' players with knee dynamic valgus ...  Read More Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of corrective exercises on balance and performance of volleyball girls' players with knee dynamic valgus defect. Methods: The statistical population of this study was all female volleyball players in East Azarbaijan who had knee dynamic valgus defect. 30 subjects were selected from volleyball players with knee dynamic valgus defect. Subjects were randomly divided into control and experimental groups after completing the personal profile form and screening by squat test to diagnose knee dynamic valgus defects. static and dynamic balance was measured through BESS and Y balance tests of the lower limb and upper extremity function by using Y functional test for upper extremity were measured in both groups. The experimental group then performed the corrective exercises for 10 sessions, while the control group only did their specific exercises in volleyball. After the end of the training, subjects from both groups had a post test. First, the normality of the data was checked through the Shapiro–Wilk test. In order to determine the effect of the corrective exercise program on the dependent variables of the research, data were analyzed using covariance analysis and dependent T-test at the confidence level of (P ≤ 0.05). Results: The Overall results indicated that corrective exercises had a positive effect on static and dynamic balance (P = 0.001) and upper extremity function (P = 0.001) of volleyball players with knee dynamic Valgus defect. Conclusion: The results of study showed that the corrective exercise program with the approach of the National Academy of Sports Medicine has a significant effect on reducing dynamic valgus of the knee, improving the balance and upper extremity function among young female volleyball players.  

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Validity and reliability of the Persian version of mini-Manual Ability Classification System

azade riyahi; nazanin sarlak; hosseinali Abdolrazaghi; Nazila Akbarfahimi; zahra nobakht

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 16 April 2023

Abstract

  Background:Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders of the development and posture, causing activity limitation. More than half of the children with CP experience ...  Read More Background:Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders of the development and posture, causing activity limitation. More than half of the children with CP experience various upper extremity problems with varying severity. Considering the importance of knowing the ability of children under 4 years old the aim of this study was to determine prepare Persian version mini-Manual Ability Classification System (mini-MACS) and evaluating its validity and reliability.Methods In a methodological study, after translation procedures, the face validity, content validity, test–retest reliability and interrater reliability of the Persian version of mini-MACS were evaluated. In total, 100 parents of children with cerebral palsy, 12 occupational therapists and a researcher participated in the evaluation of the scale’s reliability. Fifty six boys and 44 girls with cerebral palsy with an average age of 33.21 (SD=11.37) month participated in the study.Results The overall results indicated that the words and sentences used in mini-MACS were simple, clear, understandable, relevant and necessary. The ICC for test–retest reliability for parents, occupational therapists and researchers were 0.955, 0.979 and 0.943, respectively. The interrater reliability coefficient between parents and occupational therapists was 0.939, between parents and researcher was 0.954, and between occupational therapists and researcher was 0.922.Conclusion:The Persian version of mini-MACS seems to be valid and reliable. This system could be used to evaluate children with cerebral palsy. 

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Case Report

The Effect of Radial Shock Wave Therapy for a Non-Healing Foot Ulcer in a Patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: A Case Report

Parisa Taheri; Soroush Sadri; Hamidreza Ghasemi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 26 April 2023

Abstract

  Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD) refers to a group of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies with a prevalence of about 1 per 2,500 population. The commonest feature ...  Read More Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD) refers to a group of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies with a prevalence of about 1 per 2,500 population. The commonest feature of this disease is muscle weakness and impaired sensation in the extremities. However, various presentations can be observed in heterogeneous diseases included in this disease group, such as infection and ulcer in the foot. Case presentation: Here, in this case report study, we report an 18-year-old lady who was referred to us with a non-healing ulcer on the plantar surface of her right foot and was diagnosed with CMTD, based on the history of sensory and motor symptoms and the results of electromyography. Her ulcer healed successfully after five sessions of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT). Conclusion: Besides the significance of paying attention to patient’s symptoms for diagnosis of CMTD, this case presented the efficacy of ESWT on wound healing of a non-healing ulcer in the setting of CMTD. Further studies are required for verifying this treatment as the standard of care in such patients.  

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The effect of a period of corrective exercises on balance, performance and explosive power of volleyball girls players with knee dynamic valgus defect

Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah; Rogayeh Imani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 May 2023

Abstract

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of corrective exercises on balance and performance of volleyball girls players with knee dynamic valgus defect. The ...  Read More The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of corrective exercises on balance and performance of volleyball girls players with knee dynamic valgus defect. The statistical population of this study was all female volleyball players in East Azarbaijan who had knee dynamic valgus defect. Based on sample size formula, A sample of 30 subjects were selected from volleyball players with knee dynamic valgus defect. Subjects were randomly divided into experimental and control groups after completing the personal profile form and screening by squat test to diagnose knee dynamic valgus defects. Dynamic balance through Y balance test and upper extremity function by using Y test for upper limb were measured in both groups. Also explosive power was measured by the Sargent jump test in both groups. The experimental group then performed the corrective exercises for 10 sessions, three sessions a week, while the control group only did their specific exercises in volleyball. After the end of the training, subjects from both groups had a post test. The normality of the data was evaluated through Shapiro–Wilk test. To determine the effect of corrective exercise program on the dependent variables, the data were analyzed using covariance analysis and dependent T-test at the confidence level of (P ≤ 0.05). the Overall results indicated that corrective exercises had a positive effect on dynamic balance and upper limb function of volleyball players with knee dynamic Valgus defect.

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Evaluation of Self Esteem, quality of life, health, and physical satisfaction in inactive and inactive Iranian elite athletes after early retirement due to sports injuries

Shima Babakhanian; Mohammad KarimiZadeh Ardakani; Mohammad Hani Mansori; Homa Naderifar

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 28 May 2023

Abstract

  Introduction: Most athletes retire young severe sports injuries can be considered one of the most important reasons for psychological problems in sports retirees. This study aimed to ...  Read More Introduction: Most athletes retire young severe sports injuries can be considered one of the most important reasons for psychological problems in sports retirees. This study aimed to investigate the effect of early retirement from sports injuries on the physical condition, quality of life and health, self-esteem, and body-esteem of active and inactive Iranian elite athletes. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on fourty elite retired Iranian athletes, mainly ski, wrestling, and mountaineering, with an average age of 66. 62±4.65 years, height 166. 70 ±3.66cm, weight 66. 15± 4. 88 kg . participated were divided into two active groups (n = 20) and inactive (n = 20) based on the current type of sports activity. The Nordic, SF-36, Rosenberg, and Mendelson questionnaires were used to determine musculoskeletal pain, quality of life, self-esteem, and Body Image. Results: The results in the active and inactive groups showed that the participants in the active group reported a higher score in terms of quality of life compared to the inactive group (P = 0.001). Also, in body image (P = 0.001) and self-esteem (P = 0.001), the active group reported more points than the inactive group, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: According to the study's results, it is suggested that sports health and psychology experts pay more attention to the post-exercise period of elites and recommend that elite sports retirees continue light sports activities as much after doing professional sports.

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The lower limb kinematics of healthy individuals during walking on real sloped surface compared to level walking

Zahra Masoompoor; Abbas Rahimi; Aliyeh daryabor; Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 31 May 2023

Abstract

  Background: This study aimed to investigate kinematic parameters of lower limb joints during gait on inclined surfaces in comparison to level ground. Methods: In this cross-sectional ...  Read More Background: This study aimed to investigate kinematic parameters of lower limb joints during gait on inclined surfaces in comparison to level ground. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 15 healthy individuals walked with their self-selected speed in level ground with zero slope and two inclined surfaces constructed according to real environments with +8 (uphill) and -8 (downhill) slopes along 8 m. Measured variables included angles of sagittal plane of ankle, knee, and hip joints in different phases of gait through a three-dimensional motion capture system. Results: Significant differences were seen in uphill walking compared to level-ground walking with their increase in ankle, hip, and knee angles in initial contact, maximum ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, maximum knee flexion in stance phase, and maximum knee extension in swing phase, and also with their reduction in maximum angle of knee flexion in swing along with maximum extension of hip joint (P<0.05). In downhill walking compared to level ground, significant differences were observed for increase of ankle and knee angles at initial contact, maximum ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, maximum knee flexion in stance and swing phases, maximum knee extension in swing, and also decrease of hip extension maximum angle. No significant difference was observed in hip joint angle at initial contact between level and downhill surfaces (P>0.05). Conclusion: Walking on inclined surfaces clearly affects flexion and extension angles of lower limb joints in different phases of gait, requiring greater movement of joints. These changes are more obvious in uphill than downhill, particularly at initial contact.

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Life balance during early phase of COVID-19 physical isolation among Iranian society

Sepideh Nazi; Somayeh Kavousipor; saeedeh Pourahmad; Farzaneh Yazdani; Mehdi Rezaee; Sahar Ghanbari

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2023

Abstract

  Background: This study was designed to discover the "life balance" during the COVID-19 physical isolation in Iran (the year 2020). Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 403 participants ...  Read More Background: This study was designed to discover the "life balance" during the COVID-19 physical isolation in Iran (the year 2020). Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 403 participants accomplished the internet-based "Life Balance Inventory (LBI)" with five subscales including; health; relationship; identity; challenging/interesting activity, and daily activities. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 and a significant level under 0.05 was considered. It was taken advantage of descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The total mean score of LBI was 1.51+_0.38(unbalanced).The score of 52.6%  of participants was 0.6-1.5 (very unbalanced),it was 1-1.5 (unbalanced ) for  37.7% of participants,  for 8% of participants was 2-2.5(moderately balanced) and finally for 1.7%participants was 2.5-3( very balanced). Significant relationships were found between LBI and gender (P=0.001), chronic comorbidity (P-value =0.029), Job (P-value=0.044). The health subscale had no statistical difference according to the demographic factors. Males showed more life balance in their daily activity including driving and social transportation (p=0/001). Married participants and those with the age of more than 40 years old showed more balance in the relationship subscale (p-value=0/001). Teachers and faculty members disclosed more balance in identity (p=0.014) and relationship (p=.0/001). Participants with higher income revealed more life balance in the challenge/interesting subscale (p=0.033). Conclusion: The results imposed that participants experienced an unbalance lifestyle during the early phase of COVID 19 isolation.

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Effect of eight weeks of sensorimotor training on knee proprioception and balance in elderly women: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Nasim Shahravan; Sajad Roshani; Afshin Moghadasi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2023

Abstract

  Background: One of the common problems of the elderly as a result of certain diseases and / or the aging process, is reduced balance and posture control. The objective of the present ...  Read More Background: One of the common problems of the elderly as a result of certain diseases and / or the aging process, is reduced balance and posture control. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of sensorimotor training on balance and proprioception of elderly women. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial, and its statistical population included elderly women aged 60-75 years going to gyms in Urmia. Thirty elderly women were randomly selected based on inclusion criteria and divided into two experimental (age: 70.06±2.64 years, height: 156.13±6.14 cm, weight: 73.11± 7.81 kg) and control (age: 67.93±2.12 years, height: 154.15±7.22 cm, weight: 70.83±5.22 kg) groups purposively. The experimental group performed sensorimotor training for 8 weeks and three sessions per week, and the control group had no training. Before and after training, knee proprioception was measured at flexion angle of 40-60 degrees in the standing position using photography and static and dynamic balance using Sharpened Romberg Test and Time of Up and Go Test, respectively. ANCOVA was used for data analysis at a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in the absolute error of angle reconstruction (P=0.001), and a significant improvement in static balance with eyes open and closed (P=0.001) and dynamic balance (P=0.001), in the experimental group compared to the control group after training intervention. Conclusion: Improvement proprioception through sensorimotor training and improving sensorimotor input can increase balance in the elderly. Sensorimotor training in the closed chain movement strengthens the proprioceptive feedback of the muscles of the lower limbs and in this way improve the balance and proprioception of the elderly.  

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The Comparison of musculoskeletal variables in females with and without functional abdominal bloating: A protocol study

Rezvan Ghomash Baf Zadeh; tayebeh roghani; Mostafa Raisi; Ibrahim Abdollahpour; Fateme Bokaee; Najimeh Tarkesh Isfahani; Seyed Mohsen Mirbod; Motahar Heidari-beni; Peyman Adibi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2023

Abstract

  Background: Functional abdominal bloating is a subjective sensation of increased abdominal pressure. Although it is appear the musculoskeletal factors may be related to Functional abdominal ...  Read More Background: Functional abdominal bloating is a subjective sensation of increased abdominal pressure. Although it is appear the musculoskeletal factors may be related to Functional abdominal bloating, but this association has not been investigated. The aim of the present study is to compare trunk-related musculoskeletal factors (spinal alignment and the abdominal muscle function) in females with and without Functional abdominal bloating. Methods: This is a protocol study of a case-control study that will be conducted in females with (n=45) and without Functional abdominal bloating (n=45), aged 18-60 years. A designed load cell setup and a flexicurve ruler will be used for the measurements of static abdominal muscle force, endurance and thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis respectively. Also, the skeletal muscle mass will be measured using, body composition analysis. According to data distribution, an Independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test will be used to determine differences in variables between two groups. A multiple logistic regression will be used to investigate the adjusted associations of the trunk-related musculoskeletal variables and Functional abdominal bloating.    

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Comparison of tele physical therapy with supervised physical therapy based on exercise and manual therapy on pain, range of motion, function and satisfaction in sub acromial pain syndrome patients: protocol of randomized clinical trial

Fatemeh Ehteshami; Khadijeh Otadi; Nastaran Ghotbi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 June 2023

Abstract

  Background: Sub acromial pain syndrome (SAPS) is one of the most common complaints of shoulder pain and long lasting disability without treatment or accessibility to the rehabilitation ...  Read More Background: Sub acromial pain syndrome (SAPS) is one of the most common complaints of shoulder pain and long lasting disability without treatment or accessibility to the rehabilitation center. Treatment of musculoskeletal shoulder pain is challenging, so evidence suggest that exercise therapy(ET) plus manual therapy(MT) can be a good choice for healing shoulder dysfunctions. For treatment at the best time without the pain becoming chronic it seems that, tele-physical therapy is an effective method to deliver ET and MT properly. Method: A prospective, assessor blind, randomized controlled clinical trial will be designed to include 33 patients with SAPS that will divide them into three groups (11 participants in each groups): “Control group (supervised ET+ MT)”, “videoconferencing group (ET+ self-release therapy)” and “video based group (ET+ self-release therapy)”. Self-releases include self-joint mobilization+ self-myofascial release with tennis ball.  MT include joint mobilization techniques and transverse friction massages. ET consist of stretching and strengthening exercises. Each patient in 3 groups will receive 10 sessions of ET and MT during 3 weeks of interventions.  Assessments will be done in 3 times (baseline, midterm and post treatment). Pain by Visual Analogue Scale, function by Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, Range of Motion, Telehealth Satisfaction Scale and Physical Therapy Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire will be assessed. Discussion: This trial will focus on assessment of tele physical therapy based on ET and myofascial release in comparison to face to face approach with supervised ET and MT on pain, function, Range of Motion and patient satisfaction. Trial registration: This trial is registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (https://www.irct.ir: IRCT20220622055252N1, on December 29, 2022)

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Assessing the knowledge of physiotherapists in Shiraz about the codes of professional ethics: A cross-sectional study

Marzieh Mohamadi; Hossein Mahmoodian; Narges Meftahi; Zahra Rahmanian

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 June 2023

Abstract

  Background: It is very important for physiotherapists to be aware of the principles of professional ethics in their field so that they can make correct decisions when faced with ethical ...  Read More Background: It is very important for physiotherapists to be aware of the principles of professional ethics in their field so that they can make correct decisions when faced with ethical dilemmas. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of awareness of physiotherapists in Shiraz about the ethical principles proposed in the codes of professional ethics in the field of physiotherapy. Method: In order to conduct this cross-sectional study, a checklist containing 20 items was designed and given to 163 physiotherapists working in Shiraz. The items were scored with a 5-point scale (based on Likert). In this checklist, the maximum score was 100 and the minimum possible score was 20. Results: Out of 163 physiotherapists, 109 completed the checklist. The mean score obtained by the participating physiotherapists in this study was 80.1 ± 6.5. The mean score obtained was related to age (rs=0.9, pvalue <0.001) and experience of clinical activity (rs=0.32, pvalue <0.001) of physiotherapists. There was no significant difference in the level of knowledge of professional ethics codes between men and women (pvalue=0.99) and among those working in the private, public or both sectors (pvalue=0.39). Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that the level of knowledge of Shiraz physiotherapists about the codes of professional ethics is at a good level; Although some codes require more training.  

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The role of a Functional Movement Screen test in predicting sports injuries in three-person basketball athletes Functional Movement Screen test in predicting sports injuries in three-person basketball

homa naderifar; mohammad karimizadeh ardakani; shima babakhanian; roya najafivosough

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

   background: The necessity of screening athletes before the competition season to identify those at risk of injury is of great importance. Three-person basketball is a type of ...  Read More  background: The necessity of screening athletes before the competition season to identify those at risk of injury is of great importance. Three-person basketball is a type of team-neighborhood sport whose injuries should be taken into consideration. The present study aims to investigate the role of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) test in predicting sports injuries in three-person basketball athletes. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 50 male athletes (22 athletes with injuries and 28 athletes without injuries) with an average age of 25.58±3.83, weight of 76.64±6.23, and height of 184.18±6.55. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors related to injury. SPSS software was used for data analysis, with a significance level of p<0.05. results:The results of the multiple logistic regression model showed that there was a strong association between FMS functional screening test and injury. So that, the risk of injury decreased significantly with increasing FMS functional screening tests (P-value<0.05). The adjusted OR of FMS functional screening test was 0.673. Conclusion: The results indicate that in team-neighborhood sports as well as in championship sports, the FMS test can be used to identify athletes who are more prone to injury. It is suggested that coaches and athletes use FMS tests in neighborhood disciplines such as three-person basketball to predict and develop more targeted sports injury prevention programs.  

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Effectiveness of Meaningful Task-Oriented Intervention on Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Cognitive and Physical skills in Elderly with Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Farzad Rabiei; Malahat Akbarfahimi; Mahtab Roohi-Azizi; Marjan Ghandi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

  Background: Dementia is a neurodegenerative condition that gradually causes serious cognitive, motor, and functional impairments in affected individuals. The purpose of this study was ...  Read More Background: Dementia is a neurodegenerative condition that gradually causes serious cognitive, motor, and functional impairments in affected individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a meaningful task-oriented intervention on independence in activities of daily living, cognitive status, and physical abilities (including gait speed and balance) in elderly patients with mild to moderate dementia. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 participants aged 60-70 years who had a Functional Assessment Staging Tool (FAST Scale) score of 1-5. Participants were assigned randomly to either a control group (n=20) that received standard care (i.e., medication and routine consultation) or an intervention group (n=20) that received standard care plus eight 45–60-minute sessions of task-oriented interventions based on familiar daily life activities in the home environment, conducted twice a week. The primary outcome was independence in activities of daily living, which was assessed using the Barthel Index. Secondary outcomes included cognitive function (measured with the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised) and physical performance (measured with the Timed Up and Go test, 10 Meter Walk Test, and Berg Balance Scale). Results: The meaningful task-oriented intervention was associated with significant improvements in independence in activities of daily living (p<0.01) compared to the control group, as well as in cognitive function and physical performance (including balance, lower limb strength, and walking speed) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Meaningful task-oriented interventions that incorporate familiar activities in the home environment can help elderly patients with dementia to maintain their routine skills and preserve independence.  

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Original Articles

Connection between Educational Theories and Occupational Therapy Studies; Is There Any Correlation Between Kolb`s Learning Steps, and Learning Styles with Dunn`s Sensory Processing Patterns among Iranian Occupational Therapy Students?

Sahar Ghanbari; Hossein Bayat; somayyeh kavousipor

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

  Background. Learning involves relatively enduring changes in behavior that result from experience. The sensory system would receive and process the information which was obtained from ...  Read More Background. Learning involves relatively enduring changes in behavior that result from experience. The sensory system would receive and process the information which was obtained from the individual experiences and can prepare the information for the other neuro-psychological aspects of learning. The steps and styles of learning on the one hand and sensory processing on the other hand may or may not be related as gears in the learning clock mechanism. Objective is to obtain the potential correlation between the learning steps and learning styles of Kolb with the sensory processing patterns of Dunn`s model. Methods This was a correlational study that all undergraduate Occupational therapy students of the rehabilitation faculty at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) in IRAN were recruited and filled 2 questionnaires of the Kolb Learning Styles Inventory and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile in the year 2018. Out of 83 questionnaires, 62 of them were included. The data was examined by descriptive and analytic statistics using SPSS23 software. Results We found no significant correlation between Kolb`s Learning Steps and Learning Styles with Dunn`s Sensory Processing Patterns in Iranian Occupational Therapy students in total (p-value>0.05). Moreover, there is a correlation between low registration and preferred learning steps among female students (p-value=0.003). Conclusion Based on the results, there isn’t correlation between learning steps and learning styles with sensory processing patterns but the results might be correlated according to the gender of participants specially in low registration sensory patterns.     

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Original Articles

Effects of Cycling-Induced Fatigue on Lower Extremity Coordination, Variability, and Proprioception in Semi-Skilled Man Cyclists

Soraya Maghsoodi; Mohammadtaghi Amiri-Khorasani; Mohammadreza AmirSeyfaddini

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

  Background: Cycling has been considered as a sports activity both in professional sports and in public sports. Excessive activity and fatigue are the main causes of injury during pedaling. ...  Read More Background: Cycling has been considered as a sports activity both in professional sports and in public sports. Excessive activity and fatigue are the main causes of injury during pedaling. The present research is aimed to determine the effect of a single bout of functional fatigue on proprioceptiveness and the degree of coordination and variability between lower extremity joints and segments in semi-skilled male cyclists. Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental study that utilizes a pretest-posttest method and involved 24 randomly chosen semi-skilled male cyclists with a mean age of 26.32±5.72 years. Prior to inducing fatigue through cycling, a pretest and posttest were administered to assess the coordination and variability among segments of the lower extremities, as well as to evaluate the proprioception of the knee and ankle joints. These measurements were captured using a three-dimensional optoelectronic system comprising six cameras, operating at a sampling frequency of 200 Hz, which facilitated the acquisition of kinematic data pertaining to the lower extremities. Statistical analysis involved the implementation of a one-way repeated measures ANOVA test and a dependent t-test, enabling the comparison of all variables. Results: The significance level in all statistical tests was 0.05. Findings showed that there was a significant increase in knee and ankle proprioceptiveness (P<0.001) and coordination and variability of lower extremity segments (P<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of heightened proprioceptive errors in the joints, decreased coordination, and increased variability between segments highlights their association with sports injuries. Consequently, prolonged cycling and fatigue may contribute to an elevated prevalence and diversity of sports injuries among semi-skilled cyclists.    

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Original Articles

The applicability of three different speech therapy service delivery models for preschoolers with intellectual disability: a single-blind randomized controlled trial

Monireh Aminian; Mahnaz Karbalaei Sadegh; Masoomeh Salmani; Hayat Ameri

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

  Backgrounds: Many Speech and language pathologists or SLPs are employed by Iran’s ministry of education. The traditional perspective applies a traditional pull-out model to deliver ...  Read More Backgrounds: Many Speech and language pathologists or SLPs are employed by Iran’s ministry of education. The traditional perspective applies a traditional pull-out model to deliver services. However, there are other service delivery models/approaches (SDM) for SLPs to be allied at schools such as: classroom based, & consultant. The advantages of some of these approaches have been confirmed for other countries but Iran. This study aimed to find out which SDM was more effective to elevate language skills in Persian-speaking children with intellectual disability (ID). Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Twenty-one preschoolers whose mental age was around 4:6 were divided by classified randomization in three groups (pull-out, classroom-based, & consultant) to receive speech therapy services. All students’ language skills were assessed by an experienced speech therapist through the Persian version of TOLD-P:3 (with favorable content validity and acceptable reliability). The students’ language age on the core subtests and their compositions were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Comparison of language areas and compositions showed that speech therapy was effective regardless of the delivery service model. However, students in the consultant model showed significant change in their “Grammatical completion” score (p = 0.011), and in the other four composition scores as well: ‘spoken language’ (p = 0.05), ‘organizing’ (p = 0.009), ‘speaking’ (p = 0.017), & ‘syntax’ (p = 0.055). Conclusion: The present study showed that speech therapy regardless of its SDMs would have effects on language skills of children with ID. However, consultant model was the most effective one compared with the other two models (pull-out and class-room based) for children with ID.      

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Original Articles

Gastrocnemius Kinesio Taping Can Prevent the Decrease of Lower Limb Damping due to Fatigue: An Application in Injury Prevention

Sahar Boozari; Mohammad Ali Sanjari; Ali Amiri; Ismail Ebrahimi Takamjani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

  Background: Kinesio tape (KT) is a widely used therapeutic intervention believed to prevent injury; however, the available evidence on its effectiveness is limited. The aim of this ...  Read More Background: Kinesio tape (KT) is a widely used therapeutic intervention believed to prevent injury; however, the available evidence on its effectiveness is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of KT on the viscoelastic properties of the lower limb, specifically stiffness and damping, before and after a fatigue protocol.Methods: The research design employed in this study was a pre- and post-design, in which fifty healthy participants underwent countermovement jumps before and after a fatigue protocol. In both fatiguing conditions, the body’s viscoelastic behavior was assessed in two conditions: with and without KT applied to the gastrocnemius muscle.Results: The results indicated a significant decrease in lower limb damping among men following fatigue in the condition without tape. In contrast, the condition with tape showed no significant change in damping, suggesting that KT can prevent the significant decrease in lower limb damping caused by fatigue.Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the positive impact of KT in preserving the shock absorption capacity after fatigue. The observed benefits may be attributed to the potential facilitation of muscular activity and muscle contraction force by KT. As muscles serve as primary shock absorbers in the body, the application of KT may enhance their ability to effectively dampen sudden impact forces following exhaustion, thus reducing the risk of impact-related injuries. These findings support the utilization of KT as a preventive intervention. 

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Original Articles

The Effect of Combined Fibular Reposition and Facilitatory Fibularis Longus Taping on Balance in Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability: A randomized clinical trial

Katayoon Rezaei; Shohreh Taghizadeh; Amir Nejati; farahnaz emami

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 August 2023

Abstract

  Background: Ankle sprain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal injuries during physical activities and sports. Balance impairment is one of the deficiencies associated with ...  Read More Background: Ankle sprain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal injuries during physical activities and sports. Balance impairment is one of the deficiencies associated with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI). The present study aimed to investigate the effect of combined fibular repositioning taping (FRT) and facilitatory fibularis longus taping on postural balance, and proprioception of ankle joint in individuals with CAI. Methods: The present double-blind randomized control trial was conducted at Rehabilitation Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). A total of 40 patients aged range between 18-50 years old were randomly assigned to either intervention or placebo group. The intervention group received combination FRT and facilitatory fibularis longus taping and in the placebo group patients received one adhesive gauze from medial malleolus to midpoint of tibia. Biodex balance SD system was used to evaluate static/dynamic postural stability and stability limits. The proprioception of ankle joint was measured by active ankle joint repositioning test using Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. In each group, data were compared before, immediately after, and 48 hours after taping. Results: At bilateral leg stance position, the comparison of static postural stability between before and immediately after application of tapping showed a significance decrease between groups (P=0.01). Moreover, a statistically significant differences was found between before and 48 hours after tapping between groups (P=0.002). Also, Significant groups comparison was found for dynamic postural stability at double leg stance immediately after tapping (P=0.03) whereas no significant difference group existed 48 hours after tapping (P= 0.05). Conclusion: Combined FRT and facilitatory fibularis longus taping may improve static and dynamic postural stability in patients with CAI. IRCT number: (IRCT20180820040841N1)    

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Literature Reviews

ICF-based functional classification systems for children with cerebral palsy

azade riyahi; Mehdi rassafiani; Afsoon Hassani Mehraban; Malahat Akbarfahimi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 August 2023

Abstract

  Background : Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability in childhood. Children with cerebral palsy suffer from multiple problems and potential disabilities making it more ...  Read More Background : Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability in childhood. Children with cerebral palsy suffer from multiple problems and potential disabilities making it more difficult to treat. Having scales together with other diagnostic tools in order to an accurate assessment and set an effective treatment plan for these children have become more essential. The main purpose of this study is to review ICF-based functional classification systems in children with cerebral palsy and the relationship between these systems.  methods: This study was conducted to review ICF-based functional classification systems. Google Scholar, PubMed, ERIC, OVID, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, OTseeker were searched by keywords including cerebral palsy and keywords related to the body function, activity and participation until September 2022. Results: According to the reviewed articles, five valid and reliable classification systems have been developed. The relationship among these classification systems was moderate in most studies. The simplicity and completeness of these classification systems have changed the description of the functional status of children with CP and the quality of their care. However, to complete this description, other classification systems for other neglected functions are warranted. Conclusion: The results of this review showed that classification systems for some functions for children with CP were developed. The development of other new systems for neglected functions along with the aforementioned classification systems can provide an overall and integrated overview of the most important functional capacities and performances of children with CP.  

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Original Articles

Evaluation of kinetic and kinematic changes in the gait of patients with foot drop disorder

Mohammad Taghi Karimi; Alireza Ashraf; Mohammad Amin Vafaei; Kourosh Barati; Fatemeh Shamsi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 August 2023

Abstract

  Background:  Patients with foot drop may need to rely on compensatory mechanisms to improve their gait. Although several gait analysis parameters have been studied in these individuals, ...  Read More Background:  Patients with foot drop may need to rely on compensatory mechanisms to improve their gait. Although several gait analysis parameters have been studied in these individuals, no prior research has examined their joint contact force. Thus, in this study, we focused on investigating not only multiple parameters of gait analysis but also the joint contact force of the joints in patients with foot drop. Methods: This study was an experimental study. Twenty individuals aged 15 to 60 (mean value 56.4 ± 3.68) with foot drop disorders were recruited in this study. Moreover, there was a control group matched with the first group based on the age, height, and gender of the subjects. The participants were instructed to walk in a 12-meter-long walk away. A motion analysis system with 8 high-speed cameras and a Kistler force plate were used. During gait analysis, various parameters are measured, such as spatiotemporal, peak of forces applied on the leg, range of motions, moments applied on the lower limbs, and joint contact forces. Results: The mean values of stride length and speed of normal subject was 1.32±0.2 m and 1.24 ± 0.177 m/s, compared to 0.961±0.24 m and 0.686 ± 0.25 m/s for foot drop subjects, respectively (p-value = 0.00). The joint contact force components of the ankle joint increased significantly in foot drop subjects compared to normal. Conclusion: The joint contact forces of the ankle joint increased significantly in foot drop patients  which should be considered in the rehabilitation treatment of these subjects.  

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Original Articles

Effect of the FIFA 11+ Warm up Program on Preventing Injuries of soccer Players and Other Sports (Systematic Review)

Reza Sharifatpour; Hamid Abbasi; Mahdieh Akoochakian; Saeed Abedinzadeh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 August 2023

Abstract

  Background: This study systematically reviewed scientific literature regarding the effects of the FIFA 11+ warm up program on preventing injuries in soccer and other sports. Methods: ...  Read More Background: This study systematically reviewed scientific literature regarding the effects of the FIFA 11+ warm up program on preventing injuries in soccer and other sports. Methods: We conducted a keyword search on 10/09/2022, in PubMed, Google Scholar, CINHAL, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane, Scopus in English language, also in Magiran, SID, Google Scholar, and Noormags in Persian language were reviewed. Results: The results of the study were from 1192 English papers and 143 Persian papers, finally 37 eligible studies were selected and a total of 18378 players were studied. The quality level of the studies was at Level II, Twenty studies, which were at least Level II. Analysis of studies shows that the FIFA 11+ warm-up program for the prevention of sports injuries had positive effects and improve the performance of soccer players. Conclusion: One type of training for an amateur or professional group will not have the same effect and the intensity and duration of the program should be optimized. It is also necessary for the other sports to become more specialized in preventing injury programs.

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Original Articles

Effect of eight week of combined turning exercises on the performance educable students with down syndrome (clinical trial)

negar heidari; Gholamali Ghasemi; Morteza Sadeghi; Negin Ghasemi Kahrizsangi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 29 August 2023

Abstract

  Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that results in intellectual disability. Individuals with DS often have weaker muscle strength due to factors such as a lower percentage ...  Read More Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that results in intellectual disability. Individuals with DS often have weaker muscle strength due to factors such as a lower percentage of slow-twitch muscle fibers and a reduced number of muscle fibers. This study aimed to investigate the impact of an eight-week combined turning exercise program on the physical performance of educable female students with DS. Methods:This semi-experimental clinical trial recruited 26 female students with DS using purposive sampling. Participants were randomly divided into two groups based on their IQ scores: an experimental group (n=13; age: 12.15±1.62 years, height: 139.23±8.94 cm, weight: 42.62±13.44 kg, IQ: 63.02±5.54) and a control group (n=13; age: 12.23±1.53 years, height: 141.15±10.31 cm, weight: 45.46±15.94 kg, IQ: 63.05±5.49). Muscle strength was assessed using a hand-held digital dynamometer, push-up test, long jump, and sit-up before and after the eight-week training period. The experimental group underwent a combined turning training program for 45-60 minutes per day, three times a week, for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: At the end of the intervention period, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in physical performance compared to the control group (p≤0.05). The combined turning exercise program had a positive impact on upper body, middle body, and lower body muscle strength in female students with DS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that combined turning exercises may be an effective method for improving muscle strength in female students with DS. These exercises can be incorporated into rehabilitation programs for individuals with DS to enhance their physical performance and overall quality of life.  

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