Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

News

Are Tension-type Headaches Associated with Flexible Flat Feet?A Cross-sectional Study

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran

2 Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

3 Clinical Research Graduate of Oxford College, Oxford, UK

4 Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Science, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz,Iran

Abstract

Background: Several peripheral and central factors are believed to contribute to the pathology of tension type headache (TTH). The current study aimed to identify a connection between TTH and flat feet.
Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative study, a total of 61 people with chronic TTH (13 male and 48 female) and 61 matched controls participated. The frequency of flat feet in the two groups was the primary outcome of this study. The presence of myofascial trigger points in the head and neck areas and the degree of neck disability were also assessed in both groups. Pearson’s chisquare test and logistic regression models were used to determine the relative contribution of demographic and clinical predictive variables to the TTH.
Results: The chi-square test showed that frequency of flat feet, uni- or bilateral,was significantly higher (x2=17.5, df=2, P<0.001) in the TTH group compared with the control group. Further analysis revealed that people with flat feet are 4.32 to 5.05 times more likely to develop TTH than people who have normal foot posture. The probability of developing TTH was 7.93 times higher in participants with 4 or more trigger points than in participants with less than 4 trigger points. Similarly, the probability of participants with a Neck Disability Index score of 4 or more developing TTH was 11.96 times higher than those with a score less than 4.
Conclusion: The current findings indicate a probable link between the presence of flat feet and chronic TTH.

Keywords

References
  1. Bendtsen L, Jensen R. Tension-type headache: the most common, but also the most neglected, headache disorder. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2006;19(3):305-9.
  2. Crystal SC, Robbins MS. Epidemiology of tension-type headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2010;14(6):449-54.
  3. Bendtsen L, Fernández-de-la-Peñas C. The role of muscles in tension-type headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2011;15(6):451-8.
  4. Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Alonso-Blanco C, Cuadrado M, Pareja J. Forward head posture and neck mobility in chronic tension-type headache: a blinded, controlled study. Cephalalgia. 2006;26(3):314-9.
  5. Gonzalez HE, Manns A. Forward head posture: its structural and functional influence on the stomatognathic system, a conceptual study. Cranio: J Craniomandibular Pract. 1996;14(1):71-80.
  6. Armijo-Olivo S, Rappoport K, Fuentes J, Gadotti IC, Major PW, Warren S, et al. Head and cervical posture in patients with temporomandibular disorders. J. orofac. pain. 2011;25(3).
  7. Jensen R, Rasmussen BK, Pedersen B, Olesen J. Muscle tenderness and pressure pain thresholds in headache. A population study. Pain. 1993;52(2):193-9.
  8. Saito ET, Akashi PMH, Sacco IdCN. Global body posture evaluation in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder. Clinics. 2009;64(1):35-9.
  9. Hellsing E, McWilliam J, Reigo T, Spangfort E. The relationship between craniofacial morphology, head posture and spinal curvature in 8, 11 and 15-year-old children. Eur. J. Orthod. 1987;9(1):254-64.
  10. O'Leary CB, Cahill CR, Robinson AW, Barnes MJ, Hong J. A systematic review: the effects of podiatrical deviations on nonspecific chronic low back pain. J. Back Musculoskelet. Rehabil.. 2013;26(2):117-23.
  11. Yazdani F, Razeghi M, Karimi MT, Raeisi Shahraki H, Salimi Bani M. The influence of foot hyperpronation on pelvic biomechanics during stance phase of the gait: A biomechanical simulation study. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Eng Med. 2018;232(7):708-17.
  12. Dodelin D, Tourny C, L’Hermette M. The biomechanical effects of pronated foot function on gait. An experimental study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(11):2167-77.
  13. Yazdani F, Razeghi M, Karimi MT, Bani MS, Bahreinizad H. Foot hyperpronation alters lumbopelvic muscle function during the stance phase of gait. Gait Posture. 2019;74:102-7.
  14. Valentino B, Valentino T, Melito F. Correlation between interdental occlusal plane and plantar arches. An EMG study. The Pain Clinic. 2013.
  15. Rothbart BA. Vertical facial dimensions linked to abnormal foot motion. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2008;98(3):189-96.
  16. Society HCSotIH. The international classification of headache disorders. Cephalalgia: an international journal of headache. 2004;24:9.
  17. Ghanbari A, Abbas R, Mohamadi M, Abbasi L, Sarvestani FK. The effect of trigger point management by positional release therapy on tension type headache. NeuroRehabilitation. 2012;30(4):333-9.
  18. Deng J, Joseph R, Wong CK. Reliability and validity of the sit-to-stand navicular drop test: Do static measures of navicular height relate to the dynamic navicular motion during gait. J Student Phys Ther Res. 2010;2:21-8.
  19. Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2014.
  20. Mousavi SJ, Parnianpour M, Montazeri A, Mehdian H, Karimi A, Abedi M, et al. Translation and validation study of the Iranian versions of the Neck Disability Index and the Neck Pain and Disability Scale. Spine. 2007;32(26):E825-E31.
  21. Vernon H, Mior S. The Neck Disability Index: a study of reliability and validity. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1991;14(7):409-15.
  22. Travell JG, Simons DG. Myofascial pain and dysfunction: the trigger point manual: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1992.
  23. Watson DH, Trott PH. Cervical headache: an investigation of natural head posture and upper cervical flexor muscle performance. Cephalalgia. 1993;13(4):272-84.
  24. Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas C, Cuadrado ML, Pareja JA. Myofascial trigger points, neck mobility, and forward head posture in episodic tension‐type headache. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. 2007;47(5):662-72.
  25. Raine S, Twomey L. Posture of the head, shoulders and thoracic spine in comfortable erect standing. Aust J Physiother. 1994;40(1):25-32.
  26. Uthaikhup S, Sterling M, Jull G. Cervical musculoskeletal impairment is common in elders with headache. Man. Ther. 2009;14(6):636-41.
  27. Kosashvili Y, Fridman T, Backstein D, Safir O, Ziv YB. The correlation between pes planus and anterior knee or intermittent low back pain. Foot Ankle Int. 2008;29(9):910-3.
  28. Incel NA, Cimen ÖB, Erdogan C. Low back pain: Effect of coexisting foot deformity on disability. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2004;17(2):63-7.
  29. Rockar Jr PA. The subtalar joint: anatomy and joint motion. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 1995;21(6):361-72.
  30. Gurney B. Leg length discrepancy. Gait Posture. 2002;15(2):195-206.
  31. Khamis S, Yizhar Z. Effect of feet hyperpronation on pelvic alignment in a standing position. Gait Posture. 2007;25(1):127-34.
  32. Levine D, Whittle MW. The effects of pelvic movement on lumbar lordosis in the standing position. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1996;24(3):130-5.
  33. Lau KT, Cheung KY, Chan MH, Lo KY, Chiu TTW. Relationships between sagittal postures of thoracic and cervical spine, presence of neck pain, neck pain severity and disability. Man. Ther. 2010;15(5):457-62.
  34. Farokhmanesh K, Ghasemi MS, Saeedi H, Roudbari M, Emadifar R. Effect of foot hyperpronation on spine alignment, in standing position. J. Mod. Rehabil. 2012;6(2):65-70.
  35. Kendall F, McCreary E, Provance P, Rodgers M, Romani W. Muscles: Testing and. Function with Posture and Pain 5th ed New York: Williams and Wilkins. 2005.
  36. Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Simons DG, Cuadrado ML, Pareja JA. The role of myofascial trigger points in musculoskeletal pain syndromes of the head and neck. Curr. Pain Headache Rep. 2007;11(5):365-72.
  37. Lucas KR, Rich PA, Polus BI. Muscle activation patterns in the scapular positioning muscles during loaded scapular plane elevation: the effects of latent myofascial trigger points. Clin. Biomech. 2010;25(8):765-70.
  38. Yoon M-S, Manack A, Schramm S, Fritsche G, Obermann M, Diener H-C, et al. Chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache are associated with concomitant low back pain: results of the German Headache Consortium study. PAIN®. 2013;154(3):484-92.

 

Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research
Volume 10, Issue 1
March 2023
Pages 55-60
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics