ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Orthoses on Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis: a Systematic review
Background: Lateral epicondylitis, or tennis elbow, is one of the common disorders in humans. Despite recommended treatments, there is no definite therapy for this disorder. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review scientific reports on the effects of orthotic devices for treatment (comparing orthoses with other treatments related to lateral epicondylitis parameters), reducing complications, and improving symptoms of this condition. Methods: Ovid, Scopus, and Web of science were searched to identify studies which reported the effectiveness of orthotic treatment for lateral epicondylitis from 1996 until 2017. Studies were collected based on the inclusion criteria and a few were selected out of a large number of studies. The PEDro scale was used for the quality assessment of the selected articles. Results: A total of 43 articles were chosen, 16 articles on Orthotics vs. other nonsurgical treatments, 20 articles on the comparison of different orthotics, and 7 reviews. Conclusion: Based on the results of the selected papers, there was not sufficient evidence to decide on the effectiveness among several orthoses or for comparing orthotic treatment with other treatment methods. However, it should be emphasized that the use of orthosis can be an acceptable treatment for improving some symptoms of this condition such as pain, grip, pain-free grip, no pain, grip strength, function, ROM, and proprioception.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44852_eb548a2534de74ce471b9771c8e267d9.pdf
2019-06-01
51
59
10.30476/jrsr.2019.75354.
Orthotic treatment
lateral epicondylitis
Tennis Elbow
Pain
grip strength
Function
Hassan
Barati
hasanbarati72@gmail.com
1
Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Rezaie
2
Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyyed Sadra
Saleh Shariaty
sadra.salehi3146@gmail.com
3
Student Research Committee, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zahra
Rahimi
4
Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Science, Iran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Ankle Foot Orthoses on Restricted Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion Due to Plantarflexors Stiffness in People with Stroke: A scoping review
Background: Orthotic interventions such as different types of ankle foot orthoses have been widely suggested to either prevent or treat restricted ankle joint dorsiflexion and consequent equinus or equinovarus foot deformities in people with stroke. However, it is not clear whether orthotic interventions are effective against spasticity or stiffness. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to systematically review the effect of orthotic interventions on restricted ankle joint dorsiflexion due to plantarflexor stiffness. Review of literature: An electronic database search was performed using PubMed, ISI web of sciences, Scopous within 1990-2018. A set of search terms were derived from medical subject heading (MESH). A total of 486 potential articles were identified through database search. Following title screening and reviewing abstract, 60 articles were potentially relevant to undergo full consideration. Full text article review counted this number down to 2. Discussion: Studies found significant decreased plantarflexor stiffness indicated by increased ankle passive dorsiflexion range of motion after orthotic interventions. Conclusion: There are only a few studies which have objectively assessed the effects of orthotic interventions on restricted ankle joint dorsiflexion due to plantarflexor stiffness in stroke. A comprehensive study would provide insight into the effectiveness of orthotic interventions on restricted ankle joint dorsiflexion due to plantarflexor stiffness.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44893_391787725b0867aa473f538226697287.pdf
2019-06-01
59
62
10.30476/jrsr.2019.75366.
Ankle
Stroke
Stiffness
Orthotic device
Fahimeh Sadat
Jafarian
fahimejafarian@yahoo.com
1
Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Somaie
Payehdar
sahar.paydar@gmail.com
2
Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fateme
Pol
maryam_pol68@yahoo.com
3
Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeed
Forghany
saeed_forghany@yahoo.co.uk
4
Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Biofeedback versus Functional Electrical Stimulation in the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence
Background: Urinary Stress Incontinence (SUI)is the most common type of urinary incontinence among the young and middle-aged women, which occurs due to weak pelvic floor muscles and urethral sphincter in addition to many other factors. The objective of the research was to assess the effect of biofeedback versus functional electrical stimulation in the treatment of SUI. Methods: In this study, 30 married women affected by SUI were selected randomly. The participants were divided into two equal groups and treated during 15 weeks with 1 session per week. The changes in SUI severity and their satisfaction were assessed by ICIQ-SF Questionnaire, and the rate of urine leakage was measured by applying Pad Test. Data were recorded and analyzed using SPSS Version 19 software. Specifically, Paired t-test, Independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney test were utilized. Results: The results revealed that the mean quantity of urinary leakage, maximal PFM force, and ICIQ Score did not have significant differences in both groups (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference between biofeedback and FES group post-treatment regarding the quantity of urinary leakage (p<0.05). Patients in the biofeedback group expressed more satisfaction and improvement than those in the FES group. Conclusion: Both treatment methods were effective in the treatment of SUI. However, biofeedback proved to be superior in reducing the quantity of urinary leakage. Further, because of a higher degree of patients’ subjective satisfaction and improvement with biofeedback, this method of treatment is recommended.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44853_c520331aa4aa362ef8d91b65fd21b670.pdf
2019-06-01
63
67
10.30476/jrsr.2019.75399.
Biofeedback
Functional electrical stimulation
Stress Urinary Incontinence
Babak
Vahdatpour
vahdatpour@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Tahmasebi
ali1tahmasebi@gmail.com
2
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahtab
Zargham
mah_zargham@yahoo.com
3
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohamad Reza
Emad
emadm@sums.ac.ir
4
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahnaz
Rezaei
mahnaz_rezaei1988@yahoo.com
5
School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Najaf-Abad, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
More realistic dynamical modeling of a humanoid robotic arm to reduce control effort with uncertainty using self-impact joint constrained
Background:The main challenge of modeling humanoid robots is establishing a compromise between the simplicity of the model and accuracy of the system. One of the realities of movement which is important about humans is moving their hands to keep balance and reduce energy consumption while they are walking. Methods: In this context, the role of elbow joint and the limitation that the joint exerts in terms of movement on the forearm and arm as self-impact joint constraint is undeniable. This paper deals with modeling and control of humanoid robot’s hand as double-pendulum will consider mentioned constraint while normal walking and also in throwing darts. Results: The presence of the self-impact joint constraint contributed to about a 26% saving in power consumption of robot motors within an impact range of 0.6346 to 0.6896 during normal human walking. Since this control has a high power, 10 to 30% of the uncertainty was added to the length and mass parameters. As was observed, this controller routed the desired curves in the least possible time. Conclusion: As mentioned earlier, consideration of this constraint in elbow joint of the humanoid robot will help in approaching the reality of system in comparison with past models previously designed. As constraint causes addition of severe nonlinear terms to dynamic system equation, the control of systems with this type of constraint faces a great deal of complexity. For adaptive-neural controller to control of the system of humanoid robot’s hand will be used. Also, to display the ability of control system, the uncertainty of length and mass for this system will be considered. The existence of self-impact joint constraint will cause saving in consumption power of robot engines within the impact range.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44854_bc2b4e8c66a09a26b2785f89710d2aeb.pdf
2019-06-01
68
79
10.30476/jrsr.2019.75400.
Self-impact joint constraint
Uncertainty
more realistic
power consumption
Seyed Iman
Hosseini
iman_h1298@yahoo.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Yousef
Bazargan Lari
bazargan@shirazu.ac.ir
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Plantar pressure distribution in people with stroke and association with functional mobility
Background: People with stroke often suffer abnormal foot posture including structural and movement deficiencies in the intrinsic foot segments on the affected side, which are associated with limitation in mobility. As part of a programme of research examining foot and ankle biomechanics after stroke, we investigated plantar pressure distribution under the affected foot of people with stroke and the relationship with functional mobility. Methods: Plantar pressure distribution was investigated while standing and walking on the affected side of twenty stroke and fifteen healthy sex and age-matched participants, using a Medilogic platform system at a frequency of 20 HZ. Functional mobility in real life was measured using the Walking Handicap Scale. Results: While standing, people with stroke bore greater pressure on the affected side through the lateral heel and lesser toes (p<0.01) and less at the medial (MP1) and central forefoot (MP23) areas (p<0.05) than healthy controls. During walking, more pressure was taken through the heel area, especially the medial heel and less through the medial and central forefoot of the affected foot of people with stroke compared to healthy controls. The logistic regression model revealed that stroke participants who took greater pressure on the medial heel while walking (odds ratio=1.11, p<0.05) had more limited functional mobility (i.e. were more likely to be household walkers) than those who did not. While standing, none of the standing plantar pressure variables significantly contributed to the model. Conclusion: The plantar pressure distribution differs significantly between the affected foot of people with stroke and healthy controls. Abnormal plantar pressure distribution while walking, but not while standing, is a significant contributor to limited functional mobility post stroke.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44896_64c753d886a8b6b276696cbb139b1232.pdf
2019-06-01
80
85
10.30476/jrsr.2019.81232.
Stroke
Foot
plantar pressure
Mobility
Saeed
Forghany
saeed_forghany@yahoo.co.uk
1
1.Musculoskeletal Research Centre, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2.Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Salford, UK
LEAD_AUTHOR
Christopher
Nester
c.j.nester@salford.ac.uk
2
Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Salford, UK
AUTHOR
Sarah
Tyson
sarah.tyson@manchester.ac.uk
3
1- Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Salford, UK. 2- Stroke Research Centre, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, UK.
AUTHOR
Stephen
Preece
s.preece@salford.ac.uk
4
Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Salford, UK
AUTHOR
Richard
Jones
r.k.jones@salford.ac.uk
5
Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Salford, UK
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Volitional Questionnaire in Patients with Severe Mental Illnesses
Background: The volitional questionnaire is an observational tool to assess motivation, which is based on the MOHO model and completed by an assessor based on the individuals’ observation when performing an occupation or activity. The present study aims to translate and evaluate the validity and reliability of this instrument in individuals with severe mental illnesses and to provide an appropriate tool for volitional assessment. Methods: In this study, the volitional questionnaire was translated into Persian according to the IQOLA protocol. To assess the content validity, an expert panel was held with six experts. The face validity of the test was measured through completing a questionnaire by ten occupational therapists. To investigate the inter-rater reliability of the test, two testers completed the questionnaire for 30 individuals. The internal consistency of the instrument was calculated by performing the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, through completing the questionnaire for 98 individuals. Results: The participants in the expert panel stated that concept of motivation is properly reviewed by the items of questionnaire. All the questionnaire items had a significant important score of 0.7, indicating the suitability of its face validity. Inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.93) was ideal, and the internal consistency of the questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.86) was appropriate. Conclusion: The questionnaire has desirable validity and reliability and can be used by specialists as a suitable tool for clinical evaluation and therapeutic planning of individuals with severe mental illnesses.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44894_1f717caca802460ddf76831b4be7c9b3.pdf
2019-06-01
86
90
10.30476/jrsr.2019.81224.
Volitional Questionnaire
Validity
reliability
Psychometric
occupational therapy
Severe Mental Illness
Moslem
Cheraghifard
moslem.cheraghifard@gmail.com
1
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Narges
Shafaroodi
shafarodi.n@iums.ac.ir
2
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mitra
Khalafbeigi
ot_mitra@yahoo.com
3
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Farzaneh
Yazdani
yazdani_fz@yahoo.com
4
Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK .
AUTHOR
Faeze
Alvandi
faeze.al.ot@gmail.com
5
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Paramedical & Health Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of maximum voluntary contraction positions for serratus anterior muscle in men with scapular dyskinesis: Electromyography analysis
Background:The purpose of this study was to quantify the surface EMG activity of the serratus anterior muscle during two main test positions performed with the maximum effort by the subjects with scapular dyskinesis. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 men (aged 18 to 28) who were suffering from scapular dyskinesis. Scapular dyskinesis was measured by scapular dyskinesis test and surface EMG was employed to record the EMG activity of the serratus anterior during two common positions of maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Results: The results revealed that there is no significant difference in the mean EMG activity of the serratus anterior muscle during two MVIC testing positions (P=0.846). Notably, the test-retest ICC scores for the EMG recordings during position 1 (P=0.97) and position 2 (P=0.96) were excellent. Conclusion: It was found that no one muscle test produced the highest MVIC for all subjects. Therefore, to perform normalization of every muscle within each subject, it is suggested that two tests identified in this study be performed which usually produce high levels of EMG activity.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_45004_5fa5ff379747989e7997802fb1af611d.pdf
2019-06-01
91
94
10.30476/jrsr.2019.81228.
Electromyography
MVIC
Serratus Anterior Muscle
Scapular dyskinesis
Mohammad
Bayattork
mohammadbayat82@gmail.com
1
1- Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 2- Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Humanities Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
AUTHOR
Foad
Seidi
foadseidi@ut.ac.ir
2
Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hooman
Minoonejad
h.minoonejad@ut.ac.ir
3
Health and Sports Medicine Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Arezoo
Shahriarpour
arezu.shahriarpoor@gmail.com
4
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Relationship between Poor Executive Functioning and Social Functioning and the Efficacy of Brain Training on Social Functioning
Background: Brain processes are controlled and directed by some brain functions called Executive Functioning. Poor EF affects amelioration of brain functions and related behaviors in social and academic life. In the present research, we investigated the relationship between EF and social functions and tested the brain training effect on EF and social functioning improvement. Methods: The present study aims to investigate the correlation between poor EF and social self-efficacy and social adjustment and examine the efficacy of cognitive EF training on selected components of social functioning. Through available sampling, 369 healthy high school students aged 16-18 participated in the experiment who were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups; the experimental group consisted of 183 persons (105 girls and 78 boys) and the control group consisted of 186 persons (117 girls and 69 boys). Main EF processes (working memory, shifting, inhibition and problem solving) and social functions (social adjustment and social self-efficacy) were assessed and their correlations were measured. In a randomized controlled trial with pretest, post-test and follow-up assessment, the effects of cognitive brain training was studied on self-efficacy and social adjustment performance of the experimental group. The intervention tool was Practical Cognitive Strategy Training (PCST) which used cognitive awareness, cognitive strategy training and cognitive training to accomplish both goals of EF training in twelve ninety-minute sessions, once a week. Results: Result showed significant moderate correlation between social and executive functions (p ≤ .001). After twelve weeks of brain training practice, participants showed a significant difference in social adjustment and self-efficacy compared with the control group. The pre-, post- and follow-up tests were time-consuming and might have affected the results. Conclusion: Social functions correlate with EF performance and cognitive brain training can improve social adjustment and self-efficacy.
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_45394_b41c860e2d487dafd2a0375a9be74f6d.pdf
2019-06-01
95
100
10.30476/jrsr.2019.81558.1003
Cognitive Brain Training
Executive Functions
Practical Cognitive Strategy Training
Social Adjustment
Self-efficacy
Zahra
Husseini
zahra2007hhh@gmail.com
1
Shahid Beheshti University
LEAD_AUTHOR
vahid
nejati
nejati@sbu.ac.ir
2
Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University
AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Habibi
habibi.m@iums.ac.ir
3
Iran University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Disability and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Iran: What Can We Do?
On 13 December, 2006, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which is the first international document intended to protect the rights and dignity of people with disabilities worldwide. The core principles of the Convention is to promote, protect, and ensure the full enjoyment of human rights by people with disabilities and ensure that they enjoy full equality under the law. Accessible education, employment, health care, social service systems, transportation, technology, and generally society for people with disabilities must be ensured, Regardless of race, gender and age in order to achieve the goal of CRPD[1]. Despite these initiatives, many people with disabilities worldwide, including our country, have been denied from basic civil and human rights, such as to live in the community instead of isolated institutions, and have access to employment, healthcare, and fair standards of living. [1] Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_44895_ed1f6df0ab071f95dc5d2c5c18ae700e.pdf
2019-06-01
101
102
10.30476/jrsr.2019.81231.
Disability
Convention on the rights of persons with disability
Zahra
Najafi
zahranajafi1371@gmail.com
1
Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Kianoush
Abdi
k55abdi@yahoo.com
2
Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Saeid
Khanjani
saeedkh76@yahoo.com
3
Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR