Document Type : Case Report
Authors
1 Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a viral disease with immunodeficiencyin human. So, it can involve different areas such as language, speech, motor andmemory. The present research, as a case report, introducing the characteristics ofphonological processes of a child who had Aids and lived in a nursery throughreferring and professional assessing in a speech therapy clinic. The child was a4 year old boy who was in HIV base on blood test. Speech skills was assessedbased on DEAP and language assessment was analyzed according to TOLD-P3.He talked with single word. He used two words sentences rarely. According tolanguage assessment (TOLD-P3), semantic, syntax and phonology features weretested. So he was in emerging language stage. Also his expressive language waslower than his perceive language. In addition, based on DEAP-P test, phonologicalprocess of substitution type has been recognized most. Also, the most of thesubstitution phonological process which accrued have been velar fronting. Thisstudy showed that the most phonological process in a child with HIV was theprocess of substitution. It may be a risk factor for decreasing speech intelligibility.With regard to the results of the present research that showed that the subject hadthe disorder and there are limited researches in this area, it needs more surveys tohelp therapists to make a priority in therapeutic stages.
Keywords
- Ilkhani Z, Shafiei B, Farazi M. The Efficacy of the Core
- Vocabulary Intervention in a Child with AIDS with Speech
- Disorder: A case report. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
- â Persian. 2017; 23; 16(3):369-77.
- Donaghy H,Pozniak A, Gazzard B, Qazi N, Gilmour J, Gotch J,
- et all. Loss of blood CD11c+ myeloid and CD11câplasmacytoid
- dendritic cells in patients with HIV-1 infection correlates with
- HIV-1 RNA virus load. Blood. 2001; 98(8): 2574 â 2576
- Kallail KJ, Downs DW, Scherz JW. Communication Disorders
- in Individuals with HIV/HIV. Kansas Journal of Medicine. 2008;
- C: 61-69
- Barbier F, Coquet I, Legriel S, Pavie J, Darmon M, Mayaux J,
- Molina JM, Schlemmer B, Azoulay Ã. Etiologies and outcome
- of acute respiratory failure in HIV-infected patients. Intensive
- care medicine. 2009; 1; 35(10):1678-86.
- Chao CK, Czechowicz JA, Messner AH, Alarcon A, Roca LK,
- Larragan Rodriguez MM, et all. High Prevalence of Hearing
- Impairment in HIV-Infected Peruvian Children. Sage journal.
- ; 146: 259-265.
- Anand p, Springer SA, Copenhaver MM, Altice FL.
- Neurocognitive Impairment and HIV Risk Factors. HIV Behav.
- ; 14: 1213-1226.
- Abusamra V, Abusamra L, Sampedro B, Macaya M, Güemes
- M, Difalcis D, et all. Verbal Communication in HIV-1 Patients.Journal of Life Sciences. 2012; 6: 1396-1407.
- Wolters PL, Brouwers P, Civitello L, Moss HA. Receptive and
- expressive language function of children with symptomatic HIV
- infection and relationship with disease parameters: a longitudinal
- -month follow-up study. HIV.1997; 11(9): 1135-44.
- GuedesGranzotti RBG, MouraNegrini SFBM, Hebihara Fukuda
- MTH, Takayanagui OM. Language aspects of children infected
- with hiv. Rev. cefac. 2013; 15(6):1621-1626.
- Coscia JM, Christensen BK, Henry RR, Wallston K, Radcliffe J,
- Rutstein R. Effects of home environment, socioeconomic status,
- and health status on cognitive functioning in children with HIV-1
- infection. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 2001; 1; 26 (6):321-9.
- Madriz J, Herrerat G. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIV-related Hearing
- Disorders. J Am AcadAudiol. 1995; 6: 358-364.
- Larsen CR. HIV-1 and communication disorders: What speech
- and hearing professionals need to know? Singular Publishing
- Group. 1998.
- Brouwers P, Macmillan C, Magder LS. Head growth and
- neurodevelopment of infants born to HIV-1-infected drug-using
- women. Neurology. 2001; 57: 1402-11.
- Baillieu N, Potterton J. The extent of delay of language, motor,
- and cognitive development in HIV-positive infants. Journal of
- Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2008; 1; 32 (3):118-21.
- Rice ML, Buchanan AL, Siberry GK, Malee KM, Zeldow B,
- Frederick T, et all.Language Impairment in Children Perinatally
- Infected with HIV Compared toChildren Who Were HIV-Exposed
- and Uninfected.J Dev BehavPediatr. 2012; 33(2): 112â123
- Ahlsen E. Introduction to Neurolinguistics .Amsterdam:
- Benjamins. 2006; P. 41-49
- Paul R. Language disorders from infancy through Adolescence
- (fourth edition). London: Courtenay F,Norbury. 2012; P. 286-
- , 30.
- Zarifian T. Persian Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and
- Phonology. USWR. Tehran. 2017.
- Brianne pitts a. Comparing speech assessments: the usefulness
- of the deap as compared to the gfta-2. Program in audiology and
- communication sciences. 2010; 2-19.
- Newcomer P, Hammill D. Test of Language Development (TOLDP:
- . Normalization in Persian: Hassanzade, S. Minayi, A. Tehran:
- Research institute of exceptional children pub; 2002.
- Wolters PL, Brouwers P, Moss HA, Hendricks ML, Pizzo PA.
- Impairment of expressive behavior in pediatric HIV-infected
- patients with evidence of CNS Disease. Journal of Pediatric
- Psychology. 1996; 21:379-400.
- Smitch R, Malee K, Leighty R, Brouwers P, Mellins C, Hittelman
- C, et al . Effects of Perinatal HIV Infection and Associated
- Risk Factors on Cognitive Development among Young Children.
- Pediatrics. 2006; 117: 851-62.
)