@article { author = {Oryadi Zanjani, Majid and Vahab, Maryam and Rasouli, Javad and Ghasemi, Somaye and Yazdizade, Atefeh}, title = {Center-Based Care and Language Development: A Pilot Study on 6-15 Month-Old Persian-Speaking Children}, journal = {Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {1-4}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6167}, eissn = {2345-6159}, doi = {10.30476/jrsr.2016.41084}, abstract = {Background: Although it is usually recommended that children begin care after their second or third year, some employed parents have to enroll their children in childcare from under the age of 6 months in Iran. Regardless of when children enter care parents and experts are concern about how childcare affects children’s language, social and intellectual development. The aim of this study was to assess the language development in the 6-15 month-old Persian-speaking children enrolled in center-based care.  Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample size comprised of 13 Persian-speaking 6-15 month-old children who were recruited through consecutive sampling from the Namazi childcare center in Shiraz, Iran. The child’s development was assessed by using two assessment tools including the Ages and Stages Questionnaire and the Rossetti Infant-Toddler Language Scale.  Descriptive statistics were employed in order to presentation of the findings.Results: Overlay, the results showed that all children could successfully achieve the nonverbal and verbal communication and interaction behaviors.Conclusion: Based on the findings, the quality of childcare centers and the quality of parents-child interaction may be two crucial factors in children’s language development. Also, the Rossetti Infant-Toddler Language Scale is a useful assessment tool for Persian-speaking children.  }, keywords = {Language Development,Center-Based Care,Persian-Speaking Children,Preschool}, url = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41084.html}, eprint = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41084_d01e839c2e620af6b2c34ee1278a9ca3.pdf} } @article { author = {Tajik, Ali and Shokri, Esmaeil and Ghanbari, Ali}, title = {The Effect of Kinesio Taping of Quadriceps Muscle on the Balance of Non-Elite Football Players After a Local Fatigue Induced Protocol}, journal = {Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {5-10}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6167}, eissn = {2345-6159}, doi = {10.30476/jrsr.2016.41085}, abstract = {Background: Previous studies have shown detrimental effects of muscle fatigue on balance. Also they have reported the effects of kinesio taping (KT) on postural control, joint support, and muscle function. However, no studies have been conducted so far to assess the immediate effects of KT after local muscle fatigue on balance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether KT improves the Y-balance test scores after quadriceps fatigue.Methods: Fifty healthy male athletes (18-35 years old) participated in this quasi-experimental study and were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. The control group received only a fatigue protocol and the KT group received both quadriceps KT and the fatigue protocol. The balance of the subjects was assessed by a Y-balance test before and after the interventions.Results: The results revealed a significant decrease in Y-balance test scores after interventions in both groups. The KT group showed better scores in Y-balance test in all directions compared to the control.Conclusion: The study confirmed the positive effect of KT on balance after a fatigue protocol in athletes. We conclude that the application of KT can be an effective intervention for improving balance after induced fatigue in athletes.}, keywords = {fatigue,Kinesio Taping,Balance,Postural control}, url = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41085.html}, eprint = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41085_64ca2ce61845aab22ab7dc1afab269cc.pdf} } @article { author = {Jalalipour, Maryam and Soltani, Majid and Safari, Mehri and Montazeri, Reyhane and Sadeghikhah, Hakimeh}, title = {Comparison of Reading Comprehension Skill of Students with Severe to Profound Hearing Impairment from Second up to Fifth Grade of Exceptional Schools with Normal Hearing Students}, journal = {Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {11-14}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6167}, eissn = {2345-6159}, doi = {10.30476/jrsr.2016.41086}, abstract = {Background: Reading is known as one of the most important learning tools. Research results consistently have shown that even a mild hearing impairment could affect the reading skills. Due to the reported differences in reading comprehension skills between hearing impaired students and their normal hearing peers, this research was conducted to compare the differences between the two groups. The other aim was to find any changes in the reading ability of hearing impaired group during elementary school.    Methods: This study is a cross-sectional (descriptive–analytic) one in which reading comprehension ability of 91 students with severe and profound hearing impairment ( 33 girls and 58 boys ) from 2nd  up to 5th grade of exceptional schools were compared with 50 2nd grade normal hearing students in Ahvaz, Iran. The first section of Diagnostic Reading Test (Shirazi – Nilipour, 2004) was used in this study. Then the mean reading scores of hearing impaired students in each grade was compared with control group using SPSS 13 with Mann Whitney test.Results: There was a significant difference between average scores of hearing impaired students (boys and girls) in  2nd  to 5th grade with normal hearing students of 2nd grade (P<0.001). Reading comprehension scores of students with hearing impairment in higher grades had improved slightly, but it was still lower than that of the normal hearing students in the 2nd grade.Conclusion: It appears that reading comprehension skill of students with significant hearing impairment near the end of elementary school years becomes weaker than normal hearing students in the second grade. Therefore, it is essential to find and resolve the underlying reasons of this condition by all professionals who work in the field of education and rehabilitation of these students.  }, keywords = {Reading Comprehension,Severe to Profound Hearing Impairment}, url = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41086.html}, eprint = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41086_1bd7489025d8ecbe8055e18e3662550a.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghanbari, Sahar and Solayman Pour, Zahra and Elhami Far, Soraya and Abedini, Mahsa and Afshar, Sara and Noori Mombeini, Nasibeh and Hamedi, Dorsa}, title = {Comparing Environmental Barriers to Social Participation Between Visually, Auditory Impaired Primary School Children and Normal Peers in Shiraz City (2015)}, journal = {Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {15-19}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6167}, eissn = {2345-6159}, doi = {10.30476/jrsr.2016.41087}, abstract = {Background: Participation is an important component in a child’s growth, which is not just affected by child's functional abilities, skills, interests and family culture; but also affected by the physical, social and institutional environment. Hearing and visual impairment in children may cause growth delay including cognitive, mobility and communication skills. The aim of this study was to compare the environmental barriers to social participation from parent perception in primary-school children with hearing/visual impairment and normal ones in Shiraz City (2015).Methods: This was a cross-sectional and comparative study. Convenience sampling was used and 75 children with visual, hearing impairment and normal ones (25 in each group) were selected from 4 areas of Shiraz Schools. Demographic data and environmental factors of Craig Hospital questionnaire were used. The findings were analyzed by using SPSS 21 software with One-way ANOVA and post hoc tests at a significant level less than 0.05.Results: The results did not show statistically significant difference in the environmental barriers to participation from parent perception among three groups of normal children, children with hearing/ visual impairment (P-value=0.12). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between three groups of children in terms of the physical and structural barriers subscales (P-value=0.341), attitudes and support (P-value= 0.424), services and help (P-value=0.115), work and school (P-value=0.221). However, there is a significant difference between the 3 groups in Policy barriers subscales (P-value=0.003).Conclusion: No differences in environmental barriers to participation between normal children and those with hearing/visual impairments can be resulted from excessive families’ support to meet the needs of children with disabilities. Therefore, serious challenges may not be created for independent participation of children to reveal the existing barriers.}, keywords = {Child,Social Participation,Environmental Barriers,Vision Disorders,Hearing Disorders}, url = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41087.html}, eprint = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41087_432b3e0aebbfa103bafae27af98bd215.pdf} } @article { author = {Talebian, Saeed and Saba, Maryam and Bagheri, Hossein and Olyaei, Gholamreza and Mousavi, Shiva}, title = {The Comparison between Spectral and Entropic Measures Following Fatigue in Erector Spinae Muscles}, journal = {Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {20-24}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6167}, eissn = {2345-6159}, doi = {10.30476/jrsr.2016.41088}, abstract = {Background: Surface electromyography (sEMG) of muscles is a non-invasive tool that can be helpful in the assessment of muscle function and some motor control evaluations. A loss of force, known as muscle fatigue is accompanied by changes in muscle electrical activity. One of the most commonly used surface EMG parameters which reflects paraspinal muscle fatigue during different tasks and positions is median frequency. Although it is widely known that the electromyography power spectrum shifts to lower frequencies during fatiguing contraction, an opinion exists that the validity of spectral shifts in assessment of fatigue is questionable. Some researchers have examined whether other quantities derived from sEMG signals are better indicators for muscle fatigue. Following cyclic flexion/extension and consequence fatigue, variation in sEMG signals may be complex for study. The aim of this study was to determine which of the median frequency (MF) or entropic (ENTR) is more sensitive for measuring muscular fatigue in erector spinae muscles during cyclic flexion/extension.Methods: Surface electromyography of erector spine muscles was recorded in 25 healthy subjects during cyclic dynamic contractions. The experimental session consisted of two parts: measurement of Maximal Voluntary Contraction (MVC), and performing the fatigue test. All subjects performed rhythmic flexion/extension with 50% MVC loading against B-200 Isostation, about 4-6 minutes. The MF and ENTR of the muscle activities were computed to assess muscular fatigue.Results: Paired sample t-tests showed that MF and ENTR changes after fatigue test were significant (P <0.001). Percentage changes of both MF and ENTR were reduced, this reduction for ENTR was more than 40% (P <0.001).Conclusion: It seems that the changes of ENTR in muscle activities have the ability to measure muscular fatigue and is more sensitive in comparison to MF.}, keywords = {Surface EMG,Muscle Fatigue, Entropy, Median Frequency}, url = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41088.html}, eprint = {https://jrsr.sums.ac.ir/article_41088_b348310d09fb0ac8a0b539e31fcc6809.pdf} }